{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T20:44:34Z","timestamp":1778013874101,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Vet Entomology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n This study reported hard tick (Ixodida: Ixodidae) infestation in sheep of Samara city, north of Baghdad, from June to December 2023. A total of 480 ticks were manually pulled out from the sheep with an ethanol\u2010soaked tissue and preserved in plastic containers containing 70% ethyl alcohol. All samples were counted and examined individually under a light microscope to identify the genus. Preliminary microscopic examination revealed that the majority of the collected ticks were\n Hyalomma<\/jats:italic>\n , with 91.4%, followed by\n Rhipicephalus<\/jats:italic>\n (6.8%) and\n Ixodes<\/jats:italic>\n (1.8%). Furthermore,\n Hyalomma<\/jats:italic>\n was dominant across all months, with a peak relative abundance in October (100%). The peak relative abundances for\n Rhipicephalus<\/jats:italic>\n (16%) and\n Ixodes<\/jats:italic>\n (4.3%) occurred in July. Under further microscopic evaluation, morphological features demonstrated three species, namely,\n Hyalomma detritum<\/jats:italic>\n (Koch)\n , Hy. anatolicum<\/jats:italic>\n (Koch)\n and Rhipicephalus sanguineus<\/jats:italic>\n sensu lato (Latreille)\n .<\/jats:italic>\n To confirm genera and species, molecular diagnosis was performed, based on the\n COX1<\/jats:italic>\n gene, resulting in the identification of five species, namely,\n Hy. detritum, Hy. anatolicum, Hy. excavatum (<\/jats:italic>\n Koch, 1844)\n , Rh. sanguineus<\/jats:italic>\n sensu lato and an unidentified\n Ixodes<\/jats:italic>\n sp. While the\n Ixodes scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n isolation unexpectedly revealed genetic resemblance to North American samples, indicating a wider geographical spread, the\n Hyalomma<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Rhipicephalus<\/jats:italic>\n isolates shared ancestry with other Middle Eastern strains, demonstrating regional genetic stability. These results showed the comprehensive diversity of tick species in sheep, including\n Hyalomma<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n Rhipicephalus<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Ixodes,<\/jats:italic>\n and also provided good epidemiological data to support the preventative procedures of tick\u2010borne infections in Samarra city.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.70039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T09:25:36Z","timestamp":1764667536000},"page":"56-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Identification and genetic diversity of ticks in local sheep in Samarra city, Northern\u00a0of Baghdad, Iraq"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Maulood M.","family":"Shather","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2891-0201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalia Ahmed","family":"Kalef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2024074"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29079\/vol13iss2art300"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Prevalence of major ixodid ticks of cattle in and around Bahir Dar, Ethiopia","volume":"11","author":"Adams E.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Natural History"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/571\/1\/012061"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33899\/ijvs.2023.137021.2630"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24271\/psr.2021.301552.1084"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjab189"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"252","article-title":"Tick ectoparasites of animals in borderline of Iran\u2010Iraq and their role on disease transmission","volume":"12","author":"Banafshi O.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Arthropod\u2010Borne Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2019.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101607"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci8030036"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-024-06572-3"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The challenges of tick\u2010borne disease prevention in a changing world","volume":"60","author":"Eisen L.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Entomology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"FAOSTAT. 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