{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T19:03:57Z","timestamp":1765825437837,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Vet Entomology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Anopheles stephensi<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Diptera: Culicidae), a primary malaria vector native to south Asia and the Arabian peninsula, has recently spread to Sri Lanka and the Horn of Africa (HOA). Its arrival poses a serious challenge to malaria control initiatives, particularly in the rapidly urbanized African settings because it can transmit both\n                    <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Haemosporida: Plasmodidae) and\n                    <jats:italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Haemosporida: Plasmodidae). This threat is compounded by the vector's growing resistance to insecticides, particularly pyrethroids, the backbone of indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide\u2010treated nets (ITNs). The use of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), which exhibits a comparable mode of action to pyrethroids, significantly increases the likelihood of cross\u2010resistance development. This review presents the first regionally integrated synthesis of\n                    <jats:italic>An. stephensi<\/jats:italic>\n                    susceptibility to pyrethroids and DDT. The analysis encompasses phenotypic resistance and underlying molecular mechanisms across the World Health Organization (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region, the Indian subcontinent and the HOA regions where the species is either native or invasive. Twenty\u2010one studies published over the past two decades were identified through searches in five electronic databases. The findings revealed confirmed resistance to multiple pyrethroid compounds such as permethrin, deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin, alpha\u2010cypermethrin, and cyfluthrin, as well as DDT, while susceptibility to etofenprox varied by location. Geographic variability was observed in intensity of resistance and allele distribution across Iranian sites. Mechanistically, resistance was linked to both target\u2010site knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations (L1014F and L1014S) and metabolic detoxification pathways involving cytochrome P450s, glutathione S\u2010transferases (GSTs), and esterases. These findings underscore the escalating menace that insecticide resistance poses to malaria vector control, particularly in newly invaded regions characterized by inadequate surveillance infrastructure and pronounced reliance on pyrethroid\u2010based interventions. This review advocates for the establishment of comprehensive global monitoring frameworks and the formulation of evidence\u2010based resistance management strategies tailored to local vector ecologies and resistance mechanisms.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.70042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T19:01:42Z","timestamp":1765825302000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chronology of\n                    <scp>Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane<\/scp>\n                    and pyrethroid resistance and the associated mutations in\n                    <i>Anopheles stephensi<\/i>\n                    : Insights from areas where the vector is native and invasive"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5587-3357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel N.","family":"Munywoki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Geographic Medicine Research Coast Kenya Medical Research Institute  Kilifi Kenya"},{"name":"Field Services Department Teachers Service Commission  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5437-4241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Mwangangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Geographic Medicine Research Coast Kenya Medical Research Institute  Kilifi Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0222-780X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imelda K.","family":"Moise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Education, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine (NSU MD) Nova Southeastern University  Fort Lauderdale Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4707-2998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth D.","family":"Kokwaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoological Sciences Kenyatta University  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8463-2122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joel O.","family":"Odero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department Ifakara Health Institute  Ifakara Tanzania"},{"name":"School of Biodiversity, One Health, and Veterinary Medicine University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5905-065X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ephantus J.","family":"Muturi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crop Bioprotection Research Unit National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture  St. Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e08830"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-15798-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00002-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-32336-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04342-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3003.231638"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-016-1149-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2711.210040"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-023-04545-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjx247"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05339-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-1052-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04427-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1608295113"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03801-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","volume-title":"Status of insecticide susceptibility in Afghanistan","author":"Barwa C.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cois.2015.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"240","article-title":"Susceptibility and irritability levels of main malaria vectors to synthetic pyrethroids in the endemic areas of Iran","volume":"42","author":"Borhani H.V.N.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Medica Iranica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/168193a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-1357"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","volume-title":"Further studies of anopheline susceptibility to insecticide in Iran, result of Bosvine and Nash Method","author":"Ch M.","year":"1958"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011681"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-9-113"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-3-22"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","first-page":"1571","article-title":"The biology and control of malaria vectors in India","volume":"92","author":"Dash A.P.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Current Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2007.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.2007.00733.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.67.617"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","first-page":"1171","article-title":"Identification, sequence analysis, and comparative study on GSTe2 insecticide resistance gene in three main world malaria vectors: Anopheles stephensi, Anopheles culicifacies, and Anopheles fluviatilis","volume":"43","author":"Djadid N.D.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Entomology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10158-006-0036-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2014.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305118110"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjv242"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03335-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2006.1265.1270"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2915.2003.00418.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007485310000684"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2014.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2018.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2523-y"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","first-page":"583","article-title":"Role of esterases and monooxygenase in the deltamethrin resistance in Anopheles stephensi Giles (1908), at Mysore","volume":"40","author":"Ganesh K.N.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Experimental Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-017-1977-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2012.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012776.pub2"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","article-title":"Biochemical basis of cyfluthrin and DDT resistance in Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae) in malarious area of Iran","volume":"12","author":"Gorouhi M.A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Arthropod\u2010Borne Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","article-title":"Current susceptibility status of Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae) to different imagicides in a malarious area, southeastern of Iran","volume":"10","author":"Gorouhi M.A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Arthropod\u2010Borne Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Anopheles stephensi: The emerging vector of malaria in the Republic of Djibouti, Horn of Africa","volume":"22","author":"Govoetchan R.","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Biosciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","article-title":"Resistance to DDT in Anopheles stephensi in southern Iraq","volume":"19","author":"Gramiccia G.","year":"1958","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-9062.383648"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-022-02324-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.4194"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-6-144"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","unstructured":"Hemingway J.(1981)Genetics and biochemistry of insecticide resistance in anophelines.PhD thesis LSHTM University of London."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2915.1998.00082.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0141"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1127\/entomologia\/2023\/1880"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-017-4086-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14233\/ajchem.2013.12849"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-025-05321-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05299-3"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","first-page":"179","article-title":"Susceptibility status of malaria vectors to insecticides in India","volume":"30","author":"Kumari R.","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Journal of Communicable Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a025643"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2583.1998.72062.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04197-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-04706-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05725-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2015.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","first-page":"85","volume-title":"Neuropharmacology and Pesticide Action","author":"Narahashi T.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1996.tb00234.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ndenga B.A. Wambua S. Owuor K.O. Omukuti R. Chemutai S. Arabu D.et al. (2023)Serendipitous detection ofAnopheles stephensiin Kisumu Kenya in June 2022.MedRxiv 2023\u20132005.","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.05.02.23289394"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","unstructured":"NVBDCP. (2012)Strategic Action Plan for Malaria Control in India 2007\u20132012. Directorate of National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme. Available at:https:\/\/ncvbdc.mohfw.gov.in\/Doc\/Strategic-Action-Plan-2007-12.pdf[Acessed 5th August 2024]."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2912.230637"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.17542"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-208"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","first-page":"200","article-title":"DDT\/pyrethroid resistance inter\u2010relationships in Anopheles stephensi","volume":"40","author":"Omer S.M.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Mosquito News"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2006.294.298"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10238"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011369"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0075134"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-7-168"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-26990-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-16"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_87_1","first-page":"126","article-title":"A preliminary note on the development of resistance to DDT by larvae of Anopheles stephensi type in Erode Urban, South India","volume":"4","author":"Rajagopalan N.","year":"1956","journal-title":"Bulletin of the National Society of India for Malaria and Other Mosquito\u2010Borne Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2009.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/ME13116"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2583.2000.00209.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2012.1055"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585(2008)45[260:rbkmar]2.0.co;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-019-2884-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-017-1744-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2022.105235"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-78072-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-024-05042-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-019-06213-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_99_1","unstructured":"Shahi M. Hanafi B.A. Vatandoost H.&Soleymani A.M.(2013)Susceptibility status ofAnopheles stephensiliston the main malaria vector to deltamethrin andBacillus thuringiensisisthe endemic malarious area of hormozgan province southern iran."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-450"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-154"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-9-146"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-59"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-89"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2003976117"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.1574"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2009.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0965-1748(03)00023-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12314"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26719\/2012.18.10.1034"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_111_1","first-page":"71","article-title":"Resistance mechanisms of Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae) to temephos","volume":"9","author":"Soltani A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Arthropod\u2010Borne Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2014.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001619"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1987.tb00353.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04037-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00053"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_117_1","first-page":"665","article-title":"Races of Anopheles stephensi Liston, 1901","volume":"72","author":"Sweet W.C.","year":"1937","journal-title":"The Indian Medical Gazette"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-023-04649-5"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_119_1","article-title":"Resistance status of the malaria vector mosquitoes, Anopheles stephensi and Anopheles subpictus towards adulticides and larvicides in arid and semi\u2010arid areas of India","volume":"11","author":"Tikar S.N.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Insect Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-9-179"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5916.176624"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0900785"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1995-7645(12)60114-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-7917.2010.01316.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-7917.2010.01316.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118829783.ch6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_127_1","unstructured":"WHO Global Malaria Programme. (2012)Global plan for insecticide resistance management IN malaria v ectos."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_128_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (1989)The use of insecticide\u2010impregnated bednets and other materials for vector borne disease control.Geneva Switzerland:World Health Organization."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_129_1","volume-title":"Global report on insecticide resistance in malaria vectors: 2010\u20132016","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_130_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2019)Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean: Regional plan of action 2019\u20132023 for implementation of the global vector control response 2017\u20132030.Geneva Switzerland: World Health Organization."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_131_1","volume-title":"World malaria report 2022","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_132_1","volume-title":"Partners convening: a regional response to the invasion of Anopheles stephensi in Africa. Meeting report, 8\u201310 March 2023","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02977789"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03252-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1851-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes15121603"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2023.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-023-04664-6"}],"container-title":["Medical and Veterinary Entomology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/mve.70042","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T19:01:46Z","timestamp":1765825306000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/mve.70042"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"references-count":137,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/mve.70042"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mve.70042","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-283X","1365-2915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-283X","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2915","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-09-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"mve.70042"}}