{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T02:19:46Z","timestamp":1770689986676,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Vet Entomology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In District Faisalabad, ticks, such as\n                    <jats:italic>Hyalomma (H) anatolicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    Koch and\n                    <jats:italic>Rhipicephalus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>Boophilus<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\n                    <jats:italic>microplus<\/jats:italic>\n                    Canestrini (Ixodida: Ixodidae), are significant ectoparasites impacting livestock and wildlife, transmitting pathogens that lead to substantial economic losses. The increasing resistance of tick populations to conventional acaricides necessitates te exploration of potential complementary approaches as control strategies, including nanoparticle formulations. The acaricidal effect of sulfur (S) and copper (Cu) nanoparticles was evaluated against various life stages (eggs, larvae, and adults) of\n                    <jats:italic>R. (B.) microplus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The susceptibility of ticks to nanoparticles was evaluated by adult and larval immersion tests and larval hatch tests. Ivermectin was used as a positive control. The lethal concentration to 50% mortality (LC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) values for Cu and S nanoparticles against adult\n                    <jats:italic>R. (B.) microplus<\/jats:italic>\n                    were 22.3\u2009\u00b1\u20093.44\u2009mg\/L and 36.16\u2009\u00b1\u20096.19\u2009mg\/L, respectively. At higher concentrations of 80\u2009mg\/L (Cu) and 150\u2009mg\/L (S), both nanoparticles achieved 99.17% adult tick mortality. S and Cu nanoparticles demonstrated 99.87% and 98.50% larval mortality at concentrations of 150\u2009mg\/L and 80\u2009mg\/L, respectively. Lower mortality was observed with Ivermectin at 30\u2009mg\/L, with 66.67% adult mortality and 61.50% larval mortality. Cu and S also resulted in 99.87% unviable eggs at concentrations of 80\u2009mg\/L and 150\u2009mg\/L, respectively, while Ivermectin led to only 90.63% unviable eggs. S and Cu nanoparticles exhibited significant potential as effective complementary agents to traditional acaricides, disrupting the life cycle of\n                    <jats:italic>R. (B.) microplus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Further research is essential to assess their long\u2010term ecological impacts and safety for non\u2010target organisms.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.70044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T13:16:33Z","timestamp":1770038193000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Susceptibility of\n                    <i>Rhipicehalus (Boophilus) microplus<\/i>\n                    (Acari: Ixodidae) to sulfur and copper nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Sahar","family":"Younis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Agriculture  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3863-6480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Sohail","family":"Sajid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Agriculture  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Ahsan","family":"Naeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Science (Pharmacology Section) KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub\u2010Campus UVAS  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6048-7610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hafiz Muhammad","family":"Rizwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology (Parasitology Section) KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub\u2010Campus UVAS  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanzila","family":"Sahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Government College Women University  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kashif","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Agriculture  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5567-4721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mourad","family":"Ben Said","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba  Manouba Tunisia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet University of Manouba  Manouba Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Asif","family":"Hanif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences University of Agriculture  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nigum","family":"Peter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences University of Agriculture  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"Arjun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences Sindh Agriculture University  Tandojam Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han\u00e8ne","family":"Belkahia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet University of Manouba  Manouba Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahvish","family":"Maqbool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology Texas A &amp; M  College station Texas 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