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The local defence mechanisms may be altered in critically ill patients, thus facilitating <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> overgrowth and candidiasis. Systemic antifungals have been proven to be effective in reducing fungal colonisation and invasive fungal infections, but their use is not without harms. Early restoration or maintenance of intestinal microbial flora using probiotics could be one of the important tools for reducing <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> infection. A few studies have demonstrated that probiotics are able to prevent <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> growth and colonisation in neonates, whereas their role in preventing invasive candidiasis in such patients is still unclear. Moreover, there are no published data on role of probiotics supplementation in the prevention of candidiasis in critically ill children beyond neonatal period. There are gap in our knowledge regarding efficacy, cost effectiveness, risk\u2010benefit potential, optimum dose, frequency and duration of treatment of probiotics in prevention of fungal infections in critically ill children. Studies exploring and evaluating the role of probiotics in prevention of <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> infection in critically ill children are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,26]],"date-time":"2012-11-26T09:07:27Z","timestamp":1353920847000},"page":"204-211","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Role of probiotics in prevention of <i>Candida<\/i> infection in critically ill 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