{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T16:19:37Z","timestamp":1764173977704},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"s1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]],"date-time":"2013-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1365552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bacterial superinfections often occur in dermatomycoses, resulting in greatly inflamed or eczematous skin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of isoconazole nitrate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISN<\/jats:styled-content>), a broad\u2010spectrum antimicrobial imidazole, commonly used to treat dermatomycoses. Several gram\u2010positive bacteria minimal inhibitory concentrations (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>s) for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISN<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISN<\/jats:styled-content> solution or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010containing creams: Travogen<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> or corticosteroid\u2010containing Travocort<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>) and ampicillin were obtained using the broth\u2010dilution method. Speed of onset of the bactericidal effect was determined with bacterial killing curves. Reactive oxygen species (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROS<\/jats:styled-content>) were visualised by staining cells with singlet oxygen detector stain. Compared with ampicillin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>s, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISN MIC<\/jats:styled-content>s for <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> Staphylococcus haemolyticus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus hominis<\/jats:italic> were lower and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISN MIC<\/jats:styled-content>s for <jats:italic>Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Streptococcus salivarius<\/jats:italic> were similar. Incubation with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISN<\/jats:styled-content> led to a 50% kill rate for <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> and methicillin\u2010resistant strains (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSA<\/jats:styled-content>). Post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISN<\/jats:styled-content> incubation, 36% (30\u00a0min) and 90% (60\u00a0min) of <jats:italic>S.\u00a0aureus<\/jats:italic> cells were positive for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROS<\/jats:styled-content>. Isoconazole nitrate has a broad bacteriostatic and bactericidal action, also against a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSA<\/jats:styled-content> strain that was not reduced by the corticosteroid in the Travocort cream. Data suggest that the antibacterial effect of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISN<\/jats:styled-content> may be <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROS<\/jats:styled-content> dependent. An antifungal agent with robust antibacterial activity can provide a therapeutic advantage in treating dermatomycoses with suspected bacterial superinfections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]],"date-time":"2013-04-10T10:22:00Z","timestamp":1365589320000},"page":"16-22","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Reactive oxygen species and the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of isoconazole nitrate"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Viktor A.","family":"Czaika","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology Charit\u00e9\u2010Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Siebenbrock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"nadicom GmbH Karlsruhe Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Czekalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Development Intendis GmbH Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Torsten","family":"Zuberbier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology Charit\u00e9\u2010Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin A.","family":"Sieber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Affairs Intendis GmbH Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2537"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2008.01606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0104-4230(12)70200-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"327","article-title":"Azole antifungals","volume":"17","author":"Boiron P","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infect Dis Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12521036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules15064129"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.20.1.71"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"1344","article-title":"Microbiological studies on isoconazole nitrate, a broad spectrum antimycotic from the series of imidazole derivatives (author's transl)","volume":"29","author":"Kessler HJ","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arzneimittelforschung"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.1979.tb01738.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"Antimicrobial therapy for skin infections","volume":"79","author":"Hirschmann JV","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2010.0193"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Travocort\u00ae[package insert].Berlin Germany:Intendis GmbH SmPC 2007.","DOI":"10.3833\/pdr.v2007i85.322"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"Travogen\u00ae[package insert].Berlin Germany:Bayer Schering PharmAG SmPC 2002."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"1352","article-title":"Study on isoconazole nitrate, a novel broad spectrum antimycotic, in animal experiments (author's transl)","volume":"29","author":"Kessler HJ","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arzneimittelforschung"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"846","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of the broad spectrum antimycotic isoconazole nitrate in humans (author's transl)","volume":"29","author":"Wendt H","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arzneimittelforschung"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/48.suppl_1.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01378-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00437540"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Effect of isoconazole against the selected bacteria","volume":"12","author":"Bosak IA","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prob Med Mycol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.1979.tb01742.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1986.tb00476.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2011.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0840"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.4.1476-1478.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1979.tb02652.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000221928"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.22.3.470"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","first-page":"461","article-title":"Availability of isoconazole in human skin after dermal application as free base and as nitrate in vitro","volume":"37","author":"Tauber U","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arzneimittelforschung"}],"container-title":["Mycoses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fmyc.12055","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/myc.12055","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T16:45:28Z","timestamp":1694450728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/myc.12055"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"s1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/myc.12055"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/myc.12055","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0933-7407","1439-0507"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0933-7407","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0507","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]]}}}