{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T21:24:36Z","timestamp":1769203476496,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,15]],"date-time":"2014-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1400112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["30660010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30660010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Science and Technology Foundation","award":["2009GZY0140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009GZY0140"]}]},{"name":"the Science and Technology Foundation of the Education Department of Jiangxi Province","award":["GJJ12160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GJJ12160"]}]},{"name":"the Young Scientists Training Program of Jiangxi Province","award":["20133BCB23005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20133BCB23005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The increasing incidence of vulvovaginal <jats:italic>candidiasis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VVC<\/jats:styled-content>) and the emergence of fluconazole resistance are an indisputable fact. However, little information is available regarding the correlation between fluconazole resistance in vaginal <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> and the expression of drug efflux pump genes. In this study, we investigated the species distribution, fluconazole susceptibility profiles and the mechanisms of fluconazole resistance in <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> strains. In total, 785 clinical <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> isolates were collected from patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VVC<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> was the most frequently isolated species (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0529) followed by <jats:italic>C. glabrata<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0164) and <jats:italic>C. krusei<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a057). Of all <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> isolates, 4.7% were resistant to fluconazole. We randomly selected 18 fluconazole\u2010resistant isolates of <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> to evaluate the expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDR<\/jats:styled-content>1, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDR<\/jats:styled-content>2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDR<\/jats:styled-content>1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FLU<\/jats:styled-content>1 genes. Compared with fluconazole\u2010susceptible <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> isolates, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDR<\/jats:styled-content>1 gene expression displayed 3.16\u2010fold relative increase, which was statistically significant. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDR<\/jats:styled-content>2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDR<\/jats:styled-content>1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FLU<\/jats:styled-content>1 overexpression was observed in several fluconazole\u2010resistant <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> isolates, but statistical significance was not achieved. These results demonstrate a high frequency of non\u2010<jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> species (32.6%); however, <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> is the most common <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species implicated in vaginitis, and this strain displays considerable fluconazole resistance. Meanwhile, our study further indicates that fluconazole resistance in <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> may correlate with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDR<\/jats:styled-content>1 gene overexpression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,15]],"date-time":"2014-05-15T09:11:51Z","timestamp":1400145111000},"page":"584-591","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Vulvovaginal <i>candidiasis<\/i>: species distribution, fluconazole resistance and drug efflux pump gene overexpression"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Jie\u2010Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology School of Medicine Nanchang University Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin\u2010Hui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology School of Medicine Nanchang University Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fa\u2010Di","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology School of Medicine Nanchang University Nanchang China"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Children's Hospital of Jiangxi Province Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan\u2010Hua","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology School of Medicine Nanchang University Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology School of Medicine Nanchang University Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology School of Medicine Nanchang University Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010Qin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology School of Medicine Nanchang University Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology School of Medicine Nanchang University Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00a0","family":"Yan\u2010Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology School of Medicine Nanchang University Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology School of Medicine Nanchang University Nanchang China"},{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology School of Medicine Nanchang University Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010Tian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology School of Medicine Nanchang University Nanchang 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