{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T11:51:47Z","timestamp":1790077907636,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"s3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]],"date-time":"2014-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"DFG","award":["CRC 124 FungiNet"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRC 124 FungiNet"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>ichtheimia corymbifera<\/jats:italic> is a ubiquitous soilborne zygomycete fungus, which is an opportunistic human pathogen in immunocompromised patients. The fungus can cause life\u2010threatening diseases by attacking the lung during early stages of invasion and by disseminating during later phases causing systemic infection. Since infections have drastically increased during the last decades, it is a major goal to investigate the mechanisms underlying pathogenicity of <jats:italic>L.\u00a0corymbifera<\/jats:italic>. One of the first barriers, which the fungus needs to cope with in the lung tissue, is phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages. Here, we report on phagocytosis assays for murine alveolar macrophages co\u2010incubated with resting, swollen and opsonised spores of a virulent and an attenuated <jats:italic>L.\u00a0corymbifera<\/jats:italic> strain. A major finding of this study is the significantly increased phagocytosis ratio of the virulent strain if compared to the attenuated strain. We quantify the phagocytosis by performing automated analysis of fluorescence microscopy images and by computing ratios for (i) fungal phagocytosis, (ii) fungal adhesion to phagocytes and (iii) fungal aggregation and spore cluster distribution in space. Automation of the image analysis yields objective results that overcome the disadvantages of manual analyses being time consuming, error\u2010prone and subjective. Therefore, it can be expected that automated image analysis of confrontation assays will play a crucial role in future investigations of host\u2013pathogen interactions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,3]],"date-time":"2014-09-03T03:21:05Z","timestamp":1409714465000},"page":"56-66","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Virulent strain of <i>Lichtheimia corymbifera<\/i> shows increased phagocytosis by macrophages as revealed by automated microscopy image analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Kaswara","family":"Kraibooj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Systems Biology Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology \u2013 Hans Kn\u00f6ll Institute Jena Germany"},{"name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hea\u2010Reung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena Germany"},{"name":"Jena Microbial Resource Collection Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology \u2013 Hans Kn\u00f6ll Institute Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans\u2010Martin","family":"Dahse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Biology Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology \u2013 Hans Kn\u00f6ll Institute Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Skerka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Biology Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology \u2013 Hans Kn\u00f6ll Institute Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Voigt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena Germany"},{"name":"Jena Microbial Resource Collection Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology \u2013 Hans Kn\u00f6ll Institute Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc Thilo","family":"Figge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Systems Biology Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology \u2013 Hans Kn\u00f6ll Institute Jena Germany"},{"name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"130","volume-title":"Syllabus of Plant Families \u2013 A. Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien. Part 1\/1: Blue\u2010Green Algae, Myxomycetes and Myxomycete\u2010Like Organisms, Phytoparasitic Protists, Heterotrophic Heterokontobionta and Fungi p.p","author":"Voigt K","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05110"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mycres.2007.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5248\/115.353"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mycres.2007.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"277","article-title":"Mycocladus vs. Lichtheimia, a correction (Lichtheimiaceae fam. nov., Mucorales, Mucoromycotina)","volume":"113","author":"Hoffmann K","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mycol Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"735","volume-title":"Molecular Detection of Human Fungal Pathogens","author":"Hoffmann K","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/432579"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00036-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03456.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir880"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040908"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2006.1628879"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000974"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"From image to data using common image\u2010processing techniques","volume":"12","author":"Sysko LR","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Cytom"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019591"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-010-0486-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","volume-title":"Atlas of Clinical Fungi","author":"Hoog GS","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1967.03120080053007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.22418"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-8-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2010.04.009"}],"container-title":["Mycoses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fmyc.12237","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/myc.12237","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T02:36:42Z","timestamp":1694572602000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/myc.12237"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"s3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/myc.12237"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/myc.12237","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0933-7407","1439-0507"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0933-7407","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0507","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}}}