{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:31:20Z","timestamp":1791851480633,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]],"date-time":"2015-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Science and Technology, Government of India"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>A descriptive epidemiological study of fungal rhinosinusitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FRS<\/jats:styled-content>) was conducted in rural north India in the form of house\u2010to\u2010house survey of villages of two districts each of Punjab and Haryana provinces using a clinical case definition of chronic rhinosinusitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRS<\/jats:styled-content>). The suspected cases were investigated further in the laboratory to confirm <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FRS<\/jats:styled-content>. Air and environment were sampled in different seasons to find <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic> spore count. The prevalence of chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FRS<\/jats:styled-content> cases was at 0.11% of the population and <jats:italic>Aspergillus flavus<\/jats:italic> was the predominant (97.6%) agent of all types of chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FRS<\/jats:styled-content>. The chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FRS<\/jats:styled-content> patients were classified as allergic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FRS<\/jats:styled-content> 41 (56.1%), chronic granulomatous <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FRS<\/jats:styled-content> 13 (17.8%), eosinophilic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FRS<\/jats:styled-content> 11 (15.0%), fungal ball 7 (9.5%) and chronic invasive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FRS<\/jats:styled-content> 1 (1.3%). <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic> spores were present in large numbers (~20%) in air with significantly higher counts of <jats:italic>A.\u00a0flavus<\/jats:italic> during winter months in the wheat\u2010thrashing areas of Punjab as compared to Haryana (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0079). The present study identified high prevalence (27.5% of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRS<\/jats:styled-content> cases) of chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FRS<\/jats:styled-content> cases in rural north India and its possible association with wheat harvesting seasons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]],"date-time":"2015-03-10T12:07:39Z","timestamp":1425989259000},"page":"294-302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Epidemiology of chronic fungal rhinosinusitis in rural India"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Arunaloke","family":"Chakrabarti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivaprakash M.","family":"Rudramurthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naresh","family":"Panda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashim","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histopathology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amarjeet","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2008","volume":"242","author":"Pleis JR","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"1S","article-title":"Infectious rhinosinusitis in adults: classification, etiology and management","volume":"76","author":"International Rhinosinusitis Advisory Board","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.2009.11.2081"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13693780802213357"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20520"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199707243370407"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"293","article-title":"Paranasal sinus mycoses","volume":"42","author":"Chakrabarti A","year":"2000","journal-title":"Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988910700606.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2009.03309.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.1998.tb00339.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.132.2.173"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/002221505774783412"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2003.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.115634"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.91.6.2155-2157.1966"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/74.9.877"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200302000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"330","article-title":"Incidence and detection of fungi and eosinophilic granulocytes in chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"82","author":"Braun H","year":"2003","journal-title":"Laryngorhinootologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.45881-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812451010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"Census of India. 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