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To investigate the status of azole resistance in <jats:italic>A.\u00a0fumigatus<\/jats:italic> in Taiwan, we studied 38 <jats:italic>A.\u00a0fumigatus<\/jats:italic> clinical isolates cultivated from 31 patients at two teaching hospitals from 2011 to 2014. Three isolates obtained from respiratory samples of two azole\u2010na\u00efve patients with pulmonary aspergillosis were found to display multi\u2010azole resistance and cross resistance to agricultural azole fungicides, and all carried <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\/L98H mutations in <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic> gene. The prevalence rates of azole resistance were 7.9% and 6.5% based on isolates and patients respectively. A phylogenetic analysis suggested genetic diversity of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\/L98H isolates in Taiwan, including a unique genotype distinct from strains outside Taiwan. The result underlines the emergence of such isolates in Taiwan as well, emphasising the importance of further surveillance for azole\u2010resistant <jats:italic>A.\u00a0fumigatus<\/jats:italic> and implementation of strategies that prevent fungicide\u2010driven resistance selection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,27]],"date-time":"2015-07-27T14:25:35Z","timestamp":1438007135000},"page":"544-549","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Azole\u2010resistant <i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i> isolates carrying <scp>TR<\/scp><sub>34<\/sub>\/L98H mutations in Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Chi\u2010Jung","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Miaoli Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital and Medical College Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsuan\u2010Chen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Miaoli Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jen\u2010Chieh","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital and Medical College Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiu\u2010Jung","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Miaoli Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching\u2010Tzu","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei\u2010Hsin","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Miaoli Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen\u2010Chien","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital and Medical College Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yee\u2010Chun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Miaoli Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.12598"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"258","article-title":"Guidelines for the use of antifungal agents in patients with invasive fungal infections in Taiwan \u2010 revised 2009","volume":"43","author":"Infectious Diseases Society of Taiwan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/525258"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12513"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003633"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1710.110226"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70265-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031801"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00428"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.2.512-517.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3114\/sim.2007.59.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00287-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.9.4358-4360.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","volume-title":"Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi; 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