{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T11:02:56Z","timestamp":1784890976493,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,9]],"date-time":"2015-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence and prevalence of fungal infections in Tanzania remains unknown. We assessed the annual burden in the general population and among populations at risk. Data were extracted from 2012 reports of the Tanzanian AIDS program, WHO, reports, Tanzanian census, and from a comprehensive PubMed search. We used modelling and HIV data to estimate the burdens of <jats:italic>Pneumocystis jirovecii<\/jats:italic> pneumonia (PCP), cryptococcal meningitis (CM) and candidiasis. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and tuberculosis data were used to estimate the burden of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). Burdens of candidaemia and <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> peritonitis were derived from critical care and\/or cancer patients\u2019 data. In 2012, Tanzania's population was 43.6 million (mainland) with 1\u00a0500\u00a0000 people reported to be HIV\u2010infected. Estimated burden of fungal infections was: 4412 CM, 9600 PCP, 81\u00a0051 and 88\u00a0509 oral and oesophageal candidiasis cases respectively. There were 10\u00a0437 estimated posttuberculosis CPA cases, whereas candidaemia and <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> peritonitis cases were 2181 and 327 respectively. No reliable data exist on blastomycosis, mucormycosis or fungal keratitis. Over 3% of Tanzanians suffer from serious fungal infections annually, mostly related to HIV. Cryptococcosis and PCP are major causes of mycoses\u2010related deaths. National surveillance of fungal infections is urgently needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,9]],"date-time":"2015-10-09T06:51:15Z","timestamp":1444373475000},"page":"70-79","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Burden of serious fungal infections in Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Diana","family":"Faini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ifakara Health Institute Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Maokola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National AIDS Control Program Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hansjakob","family":"Furrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Bern University Hospital and University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Hatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Battegay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Basel Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology University Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"Tanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Denning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Aspergillosis Centre University Hospital of South Manchester The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilio","family":"Letang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ifakara Health Institute Dar es Salaam Tanzania"},{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"ISGLOBAL, Barcelona Ctr. 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