{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:16:36Z","timestamp":1787015796909,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,11]],"date-time":"2016-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1455148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["307606\/2013\u20109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["307606\/2013\u20109"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["443167\/2014\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["443167\/2014\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to investigate the influence of tetraconazole and malathion, both used in agricultural activities, on resistance to fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole in\n                    <jats:italic>Candida parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC 22019. The susceptibility to tetraconazole, malathion, fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole, through broth microdilution. Then, 12 independent replicates, were separated and exposed to four treatment groups, each one containing three replicates: G1: tetraconazole; G2: malathion; G3: fluconazole (positive control); G4: negative control. Replicates from G1, G2 and G3, were exposed to weekly increasing concentrations of tetraconazole, malathion and fluconazole, respectively, ranging from MIC\/2 to 32 \u00d7 MIC, throughout 7 weeks. The exposure to tetraconazole, but not malathion, decreased susceptibility to clinical azoles, especially fluconazole. The tetraconazole\u2010induced fluconazole resistance is partially mediated by the increased activity of ATP\u2010dependent efflux pumps, considering the increase in antifungal susceptibility after the addition of the efflux pump inhibitor, promethazine, and the increase in rhodamine 6G efflux and\n                    <jats:italic>CDR<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene expression in the G1 replicates. Moreover,\n                    <jats:italic>MDR<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression was only detected in G1 and G3 replicates, suggesting that\n                    <jats:italic>MDR<\/jats:italic>\n                    pumps are also involved in tetraconazole\u2010induced fluconazole resistance. It is noteworthy that tetraconazole and fluconazole\u2010treated replicates behaved similarly, therefore, resistance to azoles of clinical use may be a consequence of using azoles in farming activities.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,11]],"date-time":"2016-02-11T19:10:13Z","timestamp":1455217813000},"page":"281-290","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Cross\u2010resistance to fluconazole induced by exposure to the agricultural azole tetraconazole: an environmental resistance school?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Marcos F\u00e1bio Gadelha","family":"Rocha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology Specialized Medical Mycology Center Federal University of Cear\u00e1 Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences State University of Cear\u00e1 Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. P.","family":"Alencar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences State University of Cear\u00e1 Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. A. N.","family":"Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences State University of Cear\u00e1 Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana Magalh\u00e3es","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences State University of Cear\u00e1 Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silviane Praciano","family":"Bandeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology Specialized Medical Mycology Center Federal University of Cear\u00e1 Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. B.","family":"Ponte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences State University of Cear\u00e1 Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamille Alencar","family":"Sales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences State University of Cear\u00e1 Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. M. M.","family":"Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology Specialized Medical Mycology Center Federal University of Cear\u00e1 Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. S. C. M.","family":"Castelo\u2010Branco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology Specialized Medical Mycology Center Federal University of Cear\u00e1 Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. J .P. G.","family":"Bandeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Christus College \u2013 Unichristus Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. A.","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology Specialized Medical Mycology Center Federal University of Cear\u00e1 Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. A.","family":"Pereira\u2010Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology Specialized Medical Mycology Center Federal University of Cear\u00e1 Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. 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