{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T13:46:47Z","timestamp":1762004807197,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,8]],"date-time":"2016-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1460073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004324","name":"Astellas Pharma US","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004324","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004334","name":"Merck","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004334","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cryptococcosis is mainly caused by members of the <jats:italic>Cryptococcus gattii<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:italic> species complexes. Here, we report the molecular characterisation and <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> antifungal susceptibility of Danish clinical cryptococcal isolates. Species, genotype, serotype and mating type were determined by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting and qPCR. EUCAST E.Def 7.2 MICs were determined for amphotericin B, flucytosine, fluconazole, voriconazole and isavuconazole. Most isolates were <jats:italic>C. neoformans<\/jats:italic> (serotype A; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 66) and belonged to genotype AFLP1\/VNI (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 61) or AFLP1B\/VNII (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 5) followed by <jats:italic>Cryptococcus deneoformans<\/jats:italic> (serotype D; genotype AFLP2, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 20), <jats:italic>C. neoformans<\/jats:italic> \u00d7 <jats:italic>C. deneoformans<\/jats:italic> hybrids (serotype AD; genotype AFLP3, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 13) and <jats:italic>Cryptococcus curvatus<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 2). Six isolates were <jats:italic>C. gattii sensu lato<\/jats:italic>, and one isolate was a <jats:italic>C. deneoformans<\/jats:italic> \u00d7 <jats:italic>C. gattii<\/jats:italic> hybrid (genotype AFLP8). All isolates were amphotericin B susceptible. Flucytosine susceptibility was uniform MIC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of 4\u20138 mg l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> except for <jats:italic>C. curvatus<\/jats:italic> (MICs &gt;32 mg l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). <jats:italic>Cryptococcus gattii sensu lato<\/jats:italic> isolates were somewhat less susceptible to the azoles. MICs of fluconazole (&gt;32 mg l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), voriconazole (\u22650.5 mg l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) and isavuconazole (0.06 and 0.25 mg l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> respectively) were elevated compared to the wild\u2010type population for 1\/19 <jats:italic>C. deneoformans<\/jats:italic> and 1\/2 <jats:italic>C. curvatus<\/jats:italic> isolates. Flucytosine MIC was elevated for 1\/61 <jats:italic>C. neoformans<\/jats:italic> (&gt;32 mg l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). Antifungal susceptibility revealed species\u2010specific differential susceptibility, but suggested acquired resistance was an infrequent phenomenon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,10]],"date-time":"2016-04-10T18:16:29Z","timestamp":1460312189000},"page":"576-584","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Molecular epidemiology and <i>in vitro<\/i> antifungal susceptibility testing of 108 clinical <i>Cryptococcus neoformans sensu lato<\/i> and <i>Cryptococcus gattii sensu lato<\/i> isolates from Denmark"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5622-1916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferry","family":"Hagen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Canisius\u2010Wilhelmina Hospital Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rasmus","family":"Hare Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiological Surveillance and Research Unit of Mycology Statens Serum Institut Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacques F.","family":"Meis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Canisius\u2010Wilhelmina Hospital Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Radboudumc Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maiken Cavling","family":"Arendrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiological Surveillance and Research Unit of Mycology Statens Serum Institut Copenhagen 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