{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T07:33:39Z","timestamp":1789544019022,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,26]],"date-time":"2016-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic> spp. are a leading cause of mortality in chronic granulomatous disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGD<\/jats:styled-content>), but other fungi have emerged in the era of mould prophylaxis. Of these, <jats:italic>Phellinus<\/jats:italic> spp. are an under\u2010recognised cause of invasive fungal infections (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFI<\/jats:styled-content>s) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGD<\/jats:styled-content>, and data on their presentation and management are scarce. We present a patient with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGD<\/jats:styled-content> who developed disseminated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFI<\/jats:styled-content> involving the lungs and brain. Surgical specimens grew a basidiomycete which was disregarded as a contaminant. After three months of progressive disease despite antifungals, he was diagnosed with <jats:italic>Phellinus tropicalis<\/jats:italic> by internal transcribed spacer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ITS<\/jats:styled-content>) sequencing. He improved with amphotericin B and isavuconazole but required haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSCT<\/jats:styled-content>). We review the literature on <jats:italic>Phellinus<\/jats:italic> infections in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGD<\/jats:styled-content> and conclude that: (i) these infections emerge on mould\u2010active prophylaxis and are indolent; (ii) they typically cause locally destructive disease but can disseminate; (iii) diagnosis is delayed and requires molecular methods; (iv) amphotericin B is most active in vitro; and (v) treatment is protracted and requires surgery and possibly <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSCT<\/jats:styled-content>. In conclusion, <jats:italic>Phellinus<\/jats:italic> spp. are emerging pathogens in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGD<\/jats:styled-content>. Every effort should be made to establish the diagnosis of non\u2010<jats:italic>Aspergillus <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFI<\/jats:styled-content>s in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGD<\/jats:styled-content> by sending tissue specimens for molecular diagnostics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,26]],"date-time":"2016-10-26T05:02:43Z","timestamp":1477458163000},"page":"155-160","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["<i>Phellinus<\/i> species: An emerging cause of refractory fungal infections in patients with X\u2010linked chronic granulomatous disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0634-8211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghady","family":"Haidar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christa S.","family":"Zerbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health  Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian M.","family":"Zelazny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology Service National Institutes of Health  Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"Holland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health  Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen R.","family":"Sheridan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2012.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12049"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1508.090251"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/599345"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-200005000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-013-9967-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"GenBank: Phellinus sp. UTHSCA DI 13\u2010132 18S ribosomal RNA gene partial sequence; internal transcribed spacer 1 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene and internal transcribed spacer 2 complete sequence; and 28S ribosomal RNA gene partial sequence Available from:http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/nuccore\/KF757338.1. Accessed on 10 June 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"CLSI.Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2008. Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi 2nd edition. Approved Standard M38\u2010A2. CLSI Wayne PA."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.2.982-987.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.12.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-015-0724-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00667-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3180616cd0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"DeRavinS PM JancelT SuttonDA et\u00a0al.Invasive Basidiomycetous Phellinus\/Inonotus spp. infections in Chronic Granulomatous Disease. Presented at the 114th meeting of the American Society of Microbiology (ASM) May 17\u201020 2014 Boston Massachusetts."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01486-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01948-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof1020252"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2719","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.8.2719","article-title":"Successful treatment of invasive aspergillosis in chronic granulomatous disease by bone marrow transplantation, granulocyte colony\u2010stimulating factor\u2010mobilized granulocytes, and liposomal amphotericin\u2010B","volume":"92","author":"Ozsahin H","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["Mycoses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fmyc.12573","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fmyc.12573","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/myc.12573","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T05:53:05Z","timestamp":1696225985000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/myc.12573"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,26]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/myc.12573"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/myc.12573","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0933-7407","1439-0507"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0933-7407","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0507","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,26]]}}}