{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:18:49Z","timestamp":1789690729739,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,24]],"date-time":"2016-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n This study aims to evaluate the effect of efflux pump modulators (\n EPM<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) on the minimal inhibitory concentration (\n MIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) of fluconazole (\n FLZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and voriconazole (\n VOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) in\n Malassezia furfur<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Malassezia pachydermatis<\/jats:italic>\n . The\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n efficacy of azoles, in combination with\n EPMs<\/jats:styled-content>\n (ie haloperidol\u2010\n HAL<\/jats:styled-content>\n , promethazine\u2010\n PTZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n and cyclosporine A\u2010\n CYS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), against 21\n M.\u00a0furfur<\/jats:italic>\n from bloodstream infection patients and 14\n M.\u00a0pachydermatis<\/jats:italic>\n from the skin of dogs with dermatitis, was assessed using a broth microdilution chequerboard analysis. Data were analysed using the model\u2010fractional inhibitory concentration index (\n FICI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) method. The\n MIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n of\n FLZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n VOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n of\n Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n spp. decreased in the presence of sub\u2010inhibitory concentrations of\n HAL<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\/or\n PTZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n . The synergic effect\u00a0was observed only in strains with\n FLZ MIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2265128\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL for\n M.\u00a0furfur<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n FLZ MIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u226564\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL for\n M.\u00a0pachydermatis<\/jats:italic>\n and\n VOR MIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u22654\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL in both\n Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n spp. These results suggest that the drug efflux pumps are involved as defence mechanisms to azole drugs in\n Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n yeast. The synergism might be related to an increased expression of efflux pump genes, eventually resulting in azole resistance phenomena. Finally, the above\n FLZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n VOR MIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n values might be considered the cut\u2010off to discriminate susceptible and resistant strains.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,24]],"date-time":"2016-10-24T04:15:40Z","timestamp":1477282540000},"page":"178-182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["The role of drug efflux pumps in\n Malassezia pachydermatis<\/i>\n and\n Malassezia furfur<\/i>\n defence against azoles"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Roberta","family":"Iatta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d Bari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Rita","family":"Puttilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari 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