{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:50:50Z","timestamp":1788306650755,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,30]],"date-time":"2017-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Probiotics are increasingly used in critically ill patients without enough safety data. The aim of the present study was to determine the association of probiotics with <jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/jats:italic> fungaemia. Seven patients with <jats:italic>S.\u00a0cerevisiae<\/jats:italic> fungaemia were reported at two hospitals in India between July 2014 and September 2015. Detailed clinical history of patients was recorded. Besides the seven patient isolates, three probiotics sachets used in those patients and five unrelated clinical isolates were used for association study by Fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAFLP<\/jats:styled-content>). Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution technique of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLSI<\/jats:styled-content> (M27\u2010A3) and interpreted according to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLSI<\/jats:styled-content> (M27S4). Two patients were premature neonates and five were adults. They were admitted in intensive care unit and were on probiotics containing <jats:italic>S.\u00a0boulardii<\/jats:italic> (except one adult patient). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAFLP<\/jats:styled-content> analysis showed 96.4\u201099.7% similarity between blood and corresponding probiotic isolates. Of the three <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AFLP<\/jats:styled-content> types (group I, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> II<\/jats:styled-content>) identified, all the probiotic isolates clustered in group I (major cluster) including majority of the blood isolates. The isolates were susceptible to all antifungal agents tested. Five patients, who could be evaluated, responded promptly to echinocandins or voriconazole. As the prescription of probiotic containing <jats:italic>S.\u00a0boulardii<\/jats:italic> in critically ill patient's leads to the fungaemia, we recommend avoiding this probiotic in those patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,30]],"date-time":"2017-01-30T07:47:28Z","timestamp":1485762448000},"page":"375-380","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Seven cases of <i>Saccharomyces<\/i> fungaemia related to use of probiotics"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Ujjwayini","family":"Roy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Apollo Gleneagles Hospitals  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laxman G.","family":"Jessani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Apollo Hospitals  Chennai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9097-9253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shivaprakash M.","family":"Rudramurthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ram","family":"Gopalakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Apollo Hospitals  Chennai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soma","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Apollo Gleneagles Hospitals  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandrashish","family":"Chakravarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Apollo Gleneagles Hospitals  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Jillwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1555-3807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arunaloke","family":"Chakrabarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2006.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-007-0171-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2010.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i4.403"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2012.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5863\/1551-6776-17.4.308"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.2014.872627"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ085"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510480037031","article-title":"A randomized placebo\u2010controlled trial of saccharomyces boulardii in combination with standard antibiotics for Clostridiumdifficile disease","volume":"271","author":"McFarland LV","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340050367"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3782(03)00090-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i39.6165"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","unstructured":"KurtzmanCP RobnettCJ.Identification of clinically important ascomycetous yeastsbased on nucleotide divergence in the 5\u2032end of the large\u2010subunit (26S) ribosomal DNA gene."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12337"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","unstructured":"CLSI.Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts; approved standard third edition; CLSI document M27 A3. 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