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This retrospective case analysis aims to explore the epidemiology, clinical profile and strain characteristics of cryptococcosis in Chinese <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM II<\/jats:styled-content> patients. This study included 30 cases of cryptococcosis with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM II<\/jats:styled-content> occurring from 1993 to 2015 in mainland China. The hospital\u2010based prevalence of cryptococcosis in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM II<\/jats:styled-content> was 0.21%. The mean age of the patients was 56.1\u00a0years (95% confidence interval: 51.5, 60.6), and 93% of the patients were older than 40\u00a0years. Sixty\u2010two per cent of the patients experienced untreated or poorly controlled blood glucose before infection. Multilocus sequence typing analysis categorised all cultured strains as <jats:italic>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:italic> and sequence type 5. Sixty\u2010nine per cent of pulmonary cryptococcosis patients experienced misdiagnoses and treatment delays. Sixty per cent of cryptococcal meningitis patients received substandard antifungal therapy. The overall death rate was 33%. Considering the large population size of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM II<\/jats:styled-content> patients in China, improved attention should be paid to the high prevalence of cryptococcosis as revealed by us. We also emphasised the importance of blood glucose control for infection prevention, especially among the elderly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,31]],"date-time":"2017-08-31T11:54:17Z","timestamp":1504180457000},"page":"706-713","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Cryptococcosis in patients with diabetes mellitus <scp>II<\/scp> in mainland China: 1993\u20102015"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Yingfang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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