{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:45:08Z","timestamp":1747187108137,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,18]],"date-time":"2019-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:italic> causes life\u2010threatening meningoencephalitis, particularly in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\u2010positive individuals with low CD4 levels (&lt;100 cells\/\u03bcL). Although the burden of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) in Turkey is low (0.13 cases per 100\u00a0000 persons), asymptomatic individuals at risk of cryptococcosis should be screened for antigenemia to prevent the disease and\/or promote early CM diagnosis. A lateral flow assay (LFA) is used to detect <jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic> antigen (CrAg) in cerebrospinal fluid and serum. We determined <jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic> antigenemia prevalence in serum samples of HIV\u2010positive and HIV\u2010negative adult patients by using Dynamiker\u00ae CrAg\u2010LFA, a point\u2010of\u2010care dipstick test. Patients\u2019 demographic data, CD4 count, HIV\u2010RNA levels and anti\u2010retroviral therapy status were recorded. CrAg was detected in 28 (11%) of 254 HIV\u2010positive patients screened but not in 100 HIV\u2010negative control individuals; a significant difference was observed in the CrAg\u2010LFA positivity rate between HIV\u2010positive and HIV\u2010negative groups (<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a011.970; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). In CrAg\u2010positive patients, the median CD4 level was 666\u00a0cells\/\u03bcL (115\u20101344\u00a0cells\/\u03bcL), with a median viral load of 23\u00a0copies\/mL (0\u20103.69\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\u00a0copies\/mL). In HIV\u2010positive CrAg\u2010negative patients, the median CD4 level was 633\u00a0cells\/\u03bcL (31\u20102953\u00a0cells\/\u03bcL) and the median viral load was 12\u00a0copies\/mL (0\u20101.95\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\u00a0copies\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05). Results indicate that HIV\u2010positive patients with both low (&lt;200\u00a0cells\/\u03bcL) and high (&gt;200\u00a0cells\/\u03bcL) CD4 counts should be screened for asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia. HIV\u2010associated asymptomatic cryptococcosis is not uncommon in Turkey, which warrants systematic screening. Updated strategies for CM prevention among HIV\u2010positive patients should be used even in non\u2010endemic countries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]],"date-time":"2019-07-25T20:33:33Z","timestamp":1564086813000},"page":"961-968","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Identification of <i>Cryptococcus<\/i> antigen in human immunodeficiency virus\u2010positive Turkish patients by using the Dynamiker<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> lateral flow assay"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Evrim","family":"Karaman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Mycology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine University of \u00c7ukurova Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1174-4182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Macit","family":"Ilkit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Mycology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine University of \u00c7ukurova Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5662-8305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferit","family":"Ku\u015f\u00e7u","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine University of \u00c7ukurova Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-72093-7_12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2014.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01238-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/17530059.2012.681300"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir379"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00446-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00536-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1678-9946201759076"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02223-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12157"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit641"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049541"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2013.781692"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir613"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2015.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652015000700008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","unstructured":"DatcuR Bj\u00f6rndottirMK MahlerSS ArendrupMC. Evaluation of the new Dynamiker\u00ae cryptococcal antigen Lateral Flow Assay (LFA) in comparison with IMMY LFA and Meridian latex agglutination. In: 28th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Madrid Spain 21\u201324 April 2018. Poster no: 1197."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"DingCH TzarMN MuttaqillahN et al.Evaluation of Dynamiker\u00ae cryptococcal antigen Lateral Flow Assay in detecting the capsular polysaccharide antigen of Cryptococcus species. In: International Congress of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Bangsar South City Kuala Lumpur Malaysia 28\u201330 June 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","unstructured":"PengJ LiB LiY ZhouZ.Clinical performance of Dynamiker\u00ae cryptococcal Lateral Flow Assay compared to IMMY CrAg\u2010LFA in diagnosis of cryptococcosis. In: 70 th. American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC)\u2010Annual Scientific Meeting: Abstract Guide Chicago USA 29 July\u20102 August 2018. 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