{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T09:14:33Z","timestamp":1764494073062,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]],"date-time":"2019-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Candida glabrata<\/jats:italic> represents the second\u2010most frequent cause of candidiasis infections of the mucosa, bloodstream and genito\u2010urinary tract in immunocompromised individuals. The incidence of <jats:italic>C\u00a0glabrata<\/jats:italic> infection has increased significantly in the last two decades, mainly due to this species\u2019 abilities to resist various antifungal drugs and to form biofilms. We focused on the relationship between biofilm formation and the product of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QDR<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:italic>, a <jats:italic>C\u00a0glabrata<\/jats:italic> member of the major facilitator superfamily (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MFS<\/jats:styled-content>) gene family, given that fungal biofilm formation limits drug penetration and is associated with persistent infection. The fungal cells in biofilms were compared between a <jats:italic>C\u00a0glabrata \u2206qdr2<\/jats:italic> mutant and its wild\u2010type strain. Cells were analysed for metabolism activity and drug susceptibility (using tetrazolium assay), adhesion activity, growth assay and intracellular <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content> (using flow cytometry). Compared to the wild type, the <jats:italic>C\u00a0glabrata \u2206qdr2<\/jats:italic> showed lower adhesion activity and higher fluconazole susceptibility when assessed as a biofilm. The mutant also showed decreased metabolic activity during biofilm formation. Furthermore, the mutant grew more slowly under neutral\u2010basic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content> conditions. The <jats:italic>qdr2<\/jats:italic> deletion in <jats:italic>C\u00a0glabrata<\/jats:italic> resulted in an impaired ability to maintain <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content> homeostasis, which led in turn to a reduction of cell growth and of adherence to an artificial matrix. These results suggested that the Qdr2p function is needed for proper biofilm formation and biofilm maintenance in <jats:italic>C\u00a0glabrata<\/jats:italic> as well as biofilm drug resistance towards fluconazole. Qdr2p may play an important role in <jats:italic>C\u00a0glabrata<\/jats:italic>'s ability to form biofilms on implanted medical devices in human bodies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,13]],"date-time":"2019-09-13T22:09:22Z","timestamp":1568412562000},"page":"1154-1163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Role of major facilitator superfamily transporter Qdr2p in biofilm formation by <i>Candida glabrata<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Tria","family":"Widiasih Widiyanto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama 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