{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T02:10:09Z","timestamp":1788315009441,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the last decade a continuous increase in non\u2010<jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> species isolation has been observed with <jats:italic>Candida parapsilosis<\/jats:italic> being one of the leading species. Aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of candidemia, particularly of <jats:italic>C\u00a0parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>, its predictors and clinical outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Incidences of candidemia was evaluated analyzing data from both a prospective collection (2012\u20102016) and a retrospective one (2008\u20102011). Predictors and outcome were based only on the prospective phase. <jats:italic>C\u00a0parapsilosis<\/jats:italic> potential clusters were analysed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>1240 episodes were identified. Incidences of candidemia increased from 1.97 episodes\/10\u00a0000 patient\u2010days in 2008 to 4.59\/10\u00a0000 patient\u2010days in 2016 (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a0.001), mainly due to an increase of <jats:italic>C\u00a0parapsilosis<\/jats:italic> (incidence rate ratio, IRR: 1.04, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a0.001). 33.0% of <jats:italic>C\u00a0parapsilosis<\/jats:italic> strains were resistant to fluconazole; no resistance to echinocandins was found. Independent predictors of <jats:italic>C\u00a0parapsilosis<\/jats:italic> candidemia were time of infection (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.007), previous use of echinocandins (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a0.0001) and year in which the episode was registered (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a0.0001). 30 days mortality was 32.4% for <jats:italic>C\u00a0parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>, with a significant difference compared to <jats:italic>C\u00a0<\/jats:italic>non\u2010<jats:italic>parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>. Potential clonal <jats:italic>C\u00a0parapsilosis<\/jats:italic> strains were detected by genetic analyses, showing RAPD profile A as the most represented (72.6% of isolates).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>C\u00a0parapsilosis<\/jats:italic> candidemia is an emerging issue in our center, possibly attributed to some extent to horizontal transmission of the pathogen, as confirmed by the analysis of isolates similarities. Further microbiological and epidemiological investigations are needed in order to identify the most effective measures to reduce the rate of this infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,18]],"date-time":"2020-01-18T19:05:00Z","timestamp":1579374300000},"page":"361-368","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Changing epidemiology of candidaemia: Increase in fluconazole\u2010resistant <i>Candida parapsilosis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0593-4112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Mesini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (DiSSal) University of Genova Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5535-4602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Mikulska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (DiSSal) University of Genova Genova Italy"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2385-1759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele Roberto","family":"Giacobbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (DiSSal) University of Genova Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Del Puente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (DiSSal) University of Genova Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nemo","family":"Gandolfo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (DiSSal) University of Genova Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Codda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DiSC) University of Genova Genova Italy"},{"name":"Microbiology Unit Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Orsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (DiSSal) University of Genova Genova Italy"},{"name":"Hygiene Unit Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Tassinari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (DiSSal) University of Genova Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Beltramini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Complex Unit Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Marchese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DiSC) University of Genova Genova Italy"},{"name":"Microbiology Unit Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Icardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (DiSSal) University of Genova Genova Italy"},{"name":"Hygiene Unit Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerio","family":"Del Bono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Viscoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (DiSSal) University of Genova Genova Italy"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/421946"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"SuetensC HopkinsS KolmanJ H\u00f6gbergLD.European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. 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