{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:28:31Z","timestamp":1788827311988,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,18]],"date-time":"2020-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Invasive aspergillosis is a well\u2010known complication of severe influenza pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, recent studies are reporting emergence of aspergillosis in severe COVID\u201019 pneumonia, named as COVID\u201019\u2010associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective observational study was conducted in patients with severe COVID\u201019 pneumonia from February 2020 to April 2020. Patients \u226518\u00a0years of age with clinical features and abnormal chest imaging with confirmed COVID\u201019 by RT\u2010PCR for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 were included. CAPA was diagnosed based on clinical parameters, radiological findings and mycological data. Data were recorded on a structured proforma, and descriptive analysis was performed using Stata ver 12.1.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 147 patients with confirmed COVID\u201019 and 23 (15.6%) patients requiring ICU admission were identified.\n                      <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      species were isolated from tracheal aspirates of nine (39.1%) patients, and of these, five patients (21.7%) were diagnosed with CAPA and four (17.4%) had\n                      <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      colonisation. The mean age of patients with CAPA was 69\u00a0years (Median age: 71, IQR: 24, Range: 51\u201085), and 3\/5 patients were male. The most frequent co\u2010morbid was diabetes mellitus (4\/5). The overall fatality rate of COVID\u201019 patients with aspergillosis was 44% (4\/9). The cause of death was ARDS in all three patients with CAPA, and the median length of stay was 16\u00a0days (IQR: 10; Range 6\u201035\u00a0days).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlights the need for comparative studies to establish whether there is an association of aspergillosis and COVID\u201019 and the need for screening for fungal infections in severe COVID\u201019 patients with certain risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]],"date-time":"2020-06-25T16:40:00Z","timestamp":1593103200000},"page":"766-770","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":147,"title":["COVID\u201019\u2010associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) in patients admitted with severe COVID\u201019 pneumonia: An observational study from Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1610-8748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nosheen","family":"Nasir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Adult Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9921-4660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joveria","family":"Farooqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3390-7659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Faisal","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Adult Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2497-7847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kauser","family":"Jabeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13096"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30237-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202004-1038LE"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(20)30027-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-1140-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30274-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when COVID\u201019 is suspected.2020; 2020.https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\u2010detail\/clinical\u2010management\u2010of\u2010severe\u2010acute\u2010respiratory\u2010infection\u2010when\u2010novel\u2010coronavirus\u2010(ncov)\u2010infection\u2010is\u2010suspected. 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