{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T14:31:09Z","timestamp":1779114669303,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,21]],"date-time":"2020-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HOP 103230"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HOP 103230"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTJ 166049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTJ 166049"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI036214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI036214"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MH113477"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MH113477"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>(1\u20103)\u2010b\u2010D\u2010glucan (BDG) is a fungal cell wall component and, in the absence of invasive fungal infection, a novel biomarker for microbial translocation of endogenous fungal products from the gastrointestinal tract into systemic circulation. However, its value as a marker of fungal translocation is limited by a concern that plant BDG\u2010rich food influences blood BDG levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a pilot clinical trial to evaluate the impact of a standardised oral BDG challenge on blood BDG levels in participants with and without elevated microbial translocation. We enrolled 14 participants including 8 with HIV infection, 2 with advanced liver cirrhosis, and 4 healthy controls. After obtaining a baseline blood sample, participants received a standardised milkshake containing high levels of BDG followed by serial blood samples up to 8\u00a0hours after intake.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The standardised oral BDG challenge approach did not change the blood BDG levels over time in all participants. We found consistently elevated blood BDG levels in one participant with advanced liver cirrhosis and a single person with HIV with a low CD4 count of 201\u00a0cells\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings indicate that BDG blood levels were not influenced by plant origin BDG\u2010rich nutrition in PWH, people with advanced liver cirrhosis, or healthy controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Future studies are needed to analyse gut mycobiota populations in individuals with elevated blood BDG levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T03:35:34Z","timestamp":1597203334000},"page":"24-29","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Glucan rich nutrition does not increase gut translocation of 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Cod, Inc Falmouth MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yonglong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Development Associates of Cape Cod, Inc Falmouth MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maile Y.","family":"Karris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health Department of Medicine University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott L.","family":"Letendre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health Department of Medicine University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald J.","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences University of California San Diego San Diego CA 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