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Recently, patients with anti\u2010cytokine neutralising autoantibodies have been recognised to be at risk for disseminated infections by opportunistic intracellular pathogens, including <jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic> species. Herein, we present a previously healthy 26\u2010year\u2010old man who was evaluated with disseminated cryptococcosis involving the bone, lung, mediastinum and brain. The patient's serum cryptococcal antigen titres were &gt;1:1,100,000, and evaluation for an underlying immunodeficiency revealed high titres for anti\u2010granulocyte\u2010macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor (GM\u2010CSF) autoantibodies. We also review the literature of all published cases of disseminated cryptococcosis associated with the presence of anti\u2010GM\u2010CSF autoantibodies. Clinicians should have a heightened awareness of anti\u2010cytokine autoantibodies in patients without a known immunodeficiency and development disseminated infections by opportunistic intracellular pathogens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T21:46:47Z","timestamp":1611265607000},"page":"576-582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Disseminated cryptococcosis and anti\u2010granulocyte\u2010macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor autoantibodies: An underappreciated association"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1670-2827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George M.","family":"Viola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 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