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In premenopausal, pregnant, asymptomatic and healthy women and women with acute VVC,\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    is the predominant species. The diagnosis of VVC should be based on clinical symptoms and microscopic detection of pseudohyphae. Symptoms alone do not allow reliable differentiation of the causes of vaginitis. In recurrent or complicated cases, diagnostics should involve fungal culture with species identification. Serological determination of antibody titres has no role in VVC. Before the induction of therapy, VVC should always be medically confirmed. Acute VVC can be treated with local imidazoles, polyenes or ciclopirox olamine, using vaginal tablets, ovules or creams. Triazoles can also be prescribed orally, together with antifungal creams, for the treatment of the vulva. Commonly available antimycotics are generally well tolerated, and the different regimens show similarly good results. Antiseptics are potentially effective but act against the physiological vaginal flora. Neither a woman with asymptomatic colonisation nor an asymptomatic sexual partner should be treated. Women with chronic recurrent\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    vulvovaginitis should undergo dose\u2010reducing maintenance therapy with oral triazoles. Unnecessary antimycotic therapies should always be avoided, and non\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    vaginitis should be treated with alternative antifungal agents. In the last 6\u00a0weeks of pregnancy, women should receive antifungal treatment to reduce the risk of vertical transmission, oral thrush and diaper dermatitis of the newborn. Local treatment is preferred during pregnancy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]],"date-time":"2021-02-05T13:19:48Z","timestamp":1612531188000},"page":"583-602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":176,"title":["Guideline: Vulvovaginal candidosis (AWMF 015\/072, level S2k)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4628-9052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex","family":"Farr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Feto\u2010Maternal Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaak","family":"Effendy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinikum Bielefeld Rosenhohe Department of Dermatology and Allergology Bielefeld Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte","family":"Frey Tirri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frauenklinik Kantonspital Baselland Liestal Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herbert","family":"Hof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Labor Dr. Limbach und Kollegen Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Mayser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facharzt f\u00fcr Dermatologie und Allergologie Biebertal Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ljubomir","family":"Petricevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Feto\u2010Maternal Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0793-9729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Ruhnke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine Helios Hospital Aue Aue Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Schaller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Tuebingen Tuebingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel P. 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