{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T21:51:30Z","timestamp":1784843490673,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The effects of cryptococcemia on patient outcomes in those with or without HIV remain unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and seventy\u2010nine cryptococcemia patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. Demographic characteristics, blood test results and outcome were compared between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The diagnosis time of <jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic> infection was 2.0(0\u20106.0) days for HIV\u2010infected patients, 5.0 (1.5\u20108.0) days for HIV\u2010uninfected patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.008), 2.0 (1.0\u20106.0) days for cryptococcal meningitis (CM) patients and 6.0 (5.0\u20108.0) days for non\u2010CM patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). HIV infection [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) (95% confidence interval): 6.0(2.3\u201015.9)], CRP\u00a0&lt;\u00a015\u00a0mg\/L [AOR:3.7(1.7\u20108.1)) and haemoglobin\u00a0&gt;\u00a0110\u00a0g\/L [AOR:2.5(1.2\u20105.4)] were risk factors for CM development. Forty\u2010six (25.7%) patients died within 90\u00a0days. ICU stay [AOR:2.8(1.1\u20107.1)], hypoalbuminemia [AOR:2.7(1.4\u20105.3)], no anti\u2010cryptococcal treatment [AOR:4.7(1.9\u201011.7)] and altered consciousness [AOR:2.4(1.0\u20105.5)] were independent risk factors for 90\u2010day mortality in all patients. HIV infection did not increase the 90\u2010day mortality of cryptococcemia patients when anti\u2010<jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic> treatment was available. Non\u2010Amphotericin B treatment [AOR:3.4(1.0\u201011.2)] was associated with 90\u2010day mortality in HIV\u2010infected patients, but age\u00a0\u2265\u00a050.0\u00a0years old [AOR:2.7(1.0\u20102.9)], predisposing disease [AOR:4.1(1.2\u201014.2)] and altered consciousness [AOR:3.7(1.1\u201012.9)] were associated with 90\u2010day mortality in HIV\u2010uninfected patients who accepted anti\u2010<jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic> treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>HIV infection increased the incidence of CM rather than mortality in cryptococcemia patients. The predictive model was completely divergent in HIV\u2010infected and HIV\u2010uninfected patients, suggesting that novel strategies for diagnosis and treatment algorithms are urgently needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T15:01:36Z","timestamp":1613833296000},"page":"656-667","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Clinical features and Outcomes of Cryptococcemia patients with and without HIV infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Handan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases the First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou China"},{"name":"College of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 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