{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T18:27:08Z","timestamp":1789928828940,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]],"date-time":"2021-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common and debilitating long\u2010term illness affecting million women worldwide. This disease is caused mainly by <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> and a lesser extent by other species, including the two phylogenetically closely related pathogens <jats:italic>Candida africana<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Candida dubliniensis<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we report detailed molecular epidemiological data about the occurrence of these two pathogenic yeasts in Iranian patients affected by VVC, or its chronic recurrent form (RVVC), and provide, for the first time, data on the antifungal activity of two new drugs, efinaconazole (EFN) and luliconazole (LUL).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 133 vaginal yeast isolates, presumptively identified as <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic> <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> by phenotypic and restriction analysis of rDNA, were further analysed by using a specific molecular method targeting the <jats:italic>HWP1<\/jats:italic> gene. All <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic> <jats:italic>africana<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic> <jats:italic>dubliniensis<\/jats:italic> isolates were also tested for their in vitro susceptibility to a panel of modern and classical antifungal drugs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Based on the molecular results, among 133 germ\u2010tube positive isolates, we identify 119 <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic> <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> (89.47%), 11 <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic> <jats:italic>africana<\/jats:italic> (8.27%) and 3 <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic> <jats:italic>dubliniensis<\/jats:italic> (2.26%) isolates. <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic> <jats:italic>africana<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic> <jats:italic>dubliniensis<\/jats:italic> showed low MIC values for most of the antifungal drugs tested, especially for EFN and LUL, which exhibited a remarkable antifungal activity. High MIC values were observed only for nystatin and terbinafine. Although <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic> <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> remains the most common <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species recovered from Iranian VVC\/RVVC patients, our data show that its prevalence may be slightly overestimated due to the presence of difficult\u2010to\u2010identify closely related yeast, especially <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic> <jats:italic>africana<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,3]],"date-time":"2021-04-03T17:59:52Z","timestamp":1617472792000},"page":"771-779","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility profiles of <i>Candida dubliniensis<\/i> and <i>Candida africana<\/i> isolated from vulvovaginal candidiasis: A single\u2010centre experience in Iran"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0868-848X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gholamreza","family":"Shokoohi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology School of Medicine Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Jahrom Iran"},{"name":"Zoonosis Research Center Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Jahrom Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9336-2518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javad","family":"Javidnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee Center Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran"},{"name":"Department of Medical Mycology School of Medicine Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari 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