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Publication dates spanning 1943\u20132020 were included in the scope of the review. From the analysis of published articles, we estimate a total of about 5,177,000 people (5.4%) suffer from serious fungal infections in the DRC annually. The incidence of cryptococcal meningitis, <jats:italic>Pneumocystis jirovecii<\/jats:italic> pneumonia in adults and invasive aspergillosis in AIDS patients was estimated at 6168, 2800 and 380 cases per year. Oral and oesophageal candidiasis represent 50,470 and 28,800 HIV\u2010infected patients respectively. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis post\u2010tuberculosis incidence and prevalence was estimated to be 54,700. Fungal asthma (allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and severe asthma with fungal sensitization) probably has a prevalence of 88,800 and 117,200. The estimated prevalence of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and tinea capitis is 1,202,640 and 3,551,900 respectively.Further work is required to provide additional studies on opportunistic infections for improving diagnosis and the implementation of a national surveillance programme of fungal disease in the DRC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T16:11:03Z","timestamp":1623859863000},"page":"1159-1169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Serious fungal diseases in Democratic Republic of Congo \u2013 Incidence and prevalence estimates"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6770-3999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guyguy K.","family":"Kamwiziku","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Kinshasa University Hospital University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1791-2247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean\u2010Claude C.","family":"Makangara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Kinshasa University Hospital University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Orefuwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Action Fund for Fungal Infections Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5626-2251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David W.","family":"Denning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Action Fund for Fungal Infections Geneva Switzerland"},{"name":"Manchester Fungal Infection Group The University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"Deuxi\u00e8me enqu\u00eate d\u00e9mographique et de sant\u00e9 (EDS\u2010RDC II 2013\u20102014) \u2010 Democratic Republic of the Congo. 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