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The polymorphisms found in Europe mainly consist of two combinations of mutations, that is combinations of five single\u2010nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>, referred to as <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\u20105SNPs, and combinations of three SNPs of <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>, referred to as <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\u20103SNPs. Few studies have compared the distributions of <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms between different regions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the regional differences of <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We compared the proportions of <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms in clinical and environmental strains isolated in various countries, and analysed the strains phylogenetically using short tandem repeats (STRs) and whole\u2010genome sequence (WGS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the Japanese strains, 15 out of 98 (15.3%) clinical strains and 8 out of 95 (8.4%) environmental strains had <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms. A mutation of <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>N248K<\/jats:sup> was the most prevalent polymorphism in both clinical (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a014, 14.3%) and environmental strains (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a03, 3.2%). Only one environmental strain harboured <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\u20105SNPs, which was reported to be the most prevalent in Europe. For phylogenetic analyses using STRs and WGS, 183 and 134 strains, respectively, were employed. They showed that most of the strains with <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>N248K<\/jats:sup> clustered in the clades different from those of the strains with <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\u20105SNPs and <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\u20103SNPs as well as from those with TR<jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\/L98H mutations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study suggests that there are genetic differences between <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms of <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>.\u00a0<jats:italic>fumigatus<\/jats:italic> in Japan and Europe.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]],"date-time":"2021-09-24T08:56:19Z","timestamp":1632473779000},"page":"1354-1365","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Genetic differences between Japan and other countries in 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