{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T23:09:36Z","timestamp":1779318576346,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008908","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Messina","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008908","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Candida tropicalis<\/jats:italic> is a human pathogenic yeast frequently isolated in Latin America and Asian\u2010Pacific regions, although recent studies showed that it is also becoming increasingly widespread throughout several African and south\u2010European countries. Nevertheless, relatively little is known about its global patterns of genetic variation as most of existing multilocus sequence typing (MLST) data come from Asia and there are no genotyped African isolates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report detailed genotyping data from a large set of <jats:italic>C.\u00a0tropicalis<\/jats:italic> isolates recovered from different clinical sources in Italy, Egypt and Cameroon in order to expand the allele\/genotype library of MLST database (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/pubmlst.org\/ctropicalis\">https:\/\/pubmlst.org\/ctropicalis<\/jats:ext-link>), and to explore the genetic diversity in this species.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 103 <jats:italic>C.\u00a0tropicalis<\/jats:italic> isolates were genotyped using the MLST scheme developed for this species. All isolates were also tested for in vitro susceptibility to various antifungals to assess whether certain genotypes were associated with drug\u2010resistance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 104 different alleles were detected across the MLST\u2010loci investigated. The allelic diversity found at these loci resulted in 51 unique MLST genotypes of which 36 (70.6%) were novel. Global optimal eBURST analysis identified 18 clonal complexes (CCs) and confirm the existence of a specific Italian\u2010cluster (CC36). Three CCs were also statistically associated with fluconazole resistance, which was elevated in Cameroon and Egypt.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Our data show high genetic diversity in our isolates suggesting that the global population structure of <jats:italic>C.\u00a0tropicalis<\/jats:italic> is still poorly understood. Moreover, its clinical impact in Italy, Egypt and Cameroon appears to be relevant and should be carefully considered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T14:28:54Z","timestamp":1655476134000},"page":"989-1000","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis reveals many novel genotypes and a high level of genetic diversity in <i>Candida tropicalis<\/i> isolates from Italy and Africa"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Aude Ngueguim","family":"Dougue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial &amp; Biocontrol Agents Unit (AmBcAU), Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science University of Yaound\u00e9 I  Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4944-5962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed A.","family":"El\u2010Kholy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Division of Clinical and Biological Sciences, College of Pharmacy Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT)  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5091-3017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Letterio","family":"Giuffr\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5303-9214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grazia","family":"Galeano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"D\u2032Aleo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology Great Metropolitan Hospital of Reggio Calabria  Reggio Calabria Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cyrille Levis","family":"Kountchou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Laboratory of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances (RUMAS), Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science University of Dschang  Dschang Cameroon"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Center for Medical Research in Health and Priority Pathologies  Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claude","family":"Nangwat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Laboratory of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances (RUMAS), Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science University of Dschang  Dschang Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean Paul","family":"Dzoyem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Laboratory of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances (RUMAS), Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science University of Dschang  Dschang Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3893-5296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Giosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ida","family":"Pernice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherine M.","family":"Shawky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical Research Institute University of Alexandria  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2371-3455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thierry\u00a0Kammalac","family":"Ngouana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial &amp; 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