{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T05:21:39Z","timestamp":1788844899021,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Cryptococcal<\/jats:italic> meningitis (CM) is an opportunistic infectious disease that occurs in immunocompromised hosts, not only in patients living with HIV, but also in patients without HIV. The evidence regarding the treatment for CM in patients without HIV is mainly found in small retrospective studies and is extremely limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, we compared the efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B (L\u2010AMB) alone and in combination with flucytosine (5\u2010FC) for the induction treatment of CM in patients without HIV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients\/Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were gathered from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database obtained from hospitals throughout Japan. The study included 517 patients without HIV but having CM who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We analysed the average effect of adding 5\u2010FC to L\u2010AMB treatment using the survival time within 14\u2009days of the diagnosis after adjustment of the baseline clinical characteristics with associations with both selections of the treatment and the prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 146 and 217 CM patients received L\u2010AMB and L\u2010AMB with 5\u2010FC, respectively, within 7\u2009days of diagnosis. L\u2010AMB with 5\u2010FC showed better prognosis than L\u2010AMB on day 14 (mortality 6% vs. 11%, hazard ratio, 0.5775; 95% confidence interval, 0.2748\u20131.213; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.1, Wald test).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>From the results of this real\u2010world database study, we revealed that the combination therapy of 5\u2010FC on L\u2010AMB for induction therapy might have an advantage on the survival time of NHNT patients with CM as well as PLHIV patients with CM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]],"date-time":"2022-07-08T14:49:29Z","timestamp":1657291769000},"page":"897-902","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Comparison of liposomal amphotericin B alone and in combination with flucytosine in the treatment of non\u2010HIV <i>Cryptococcal<\/i> meningitis: A nationwide observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0696-5386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiro","family":"Takazono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences  Nagasaki Japan"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Hidaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences  Nagasaki Japan"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"},{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shimpei","family":"Morimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation Platform &amp; Office for Precision Medicine Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences  Nagasaki Japan"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masato","family":"Tashiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences  Nagasaki Japan"},{"name":"Infection Control and Education Center Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Ashizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"},{"name":"Infection Control and Education Center Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuro","family":"Hirayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapeutics Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuaki","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"},{"name":"Infection Control and Education Center Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0680-390X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoki","family":"Iwanaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Hosogaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuko","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyohide","family":"Fushimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Informatics Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsunori","family":"Yanagihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Mukae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Izumikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences  Nagasaki Japan"},{"name":"Infection Control and Education Center Nagasaki University Hospital  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Cryptococcal infections in non\u2010HIV\u2010infected patients","volume":"124","author":"Pappas PG","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trans Am Clin Climatol 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