{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T15:58:46Z","timestamp":1787587126409,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020824","name":"Invasive Fungi Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Wrestling, considered the national sport of Iran, has gained immense popularity among Iranians. Wrestlers frequently encounter skin conditions, with dermatophyte fungal infections, particularly tinea gladiatorum (TG), being a common issue. TG, caused by the <jats:italic>Trichophyton<\/jats:italic> genus, has emerged as a major health concern for wrestlers and other contact sport athletes worldwide. This study aimed to assess the genotypic diversity and antifungal susceptibility of <jats:italic>Trichophyton tonsurans<\/jats:italic> isolates responsible for TG in Iranian wrestlers from Mazandaran province, northern Iran.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 60 clinical <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>tonsurans<\/jats:italic> isolates collected from various cities in Mazandaran, were included in the study. The isolates were identified through PCR\u2010restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing methods. Genomic DNA was extracted from these isolates, and the non\u2010transcribed spacer (NTS) region of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) was targeted for genotyping using newly designed primers. Haplotype analysis was performed to explore genetic diversity, and antifungal susceptibility to terbinafine (TRB) and itraconazole (ITC) was assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results revealed five distinct NTS types: NTS\u2010I, NTS\u2010II, NTS\u2010III, NTS\u2010IV and NTS\u2010V, with NTS\u2010IV being the most prevalent. The distribution of NTS types varied across different cities, suggesting potential transmission patterns among wrestlers. Antifungal susceptibility testing showed that all isolates were susceptible to TRB, while one isolate demonstrated resistance to ITC. Genotypic diversity was not correlated with antifungal susceptibility, emphasising the importance of monitoring susceptibility to ensure effective treatment. Haplotype analysis highlighted significant genetic diversity among the <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>tonsurans<\/jats:italic> isolates. This diversity may be attributed to factors such as human\u2010to\u2010human transmission, geographic location and lifestyle changes. The study's findings underscore the need for comprehensive genotypic analysis to understand the epidemiology and evolution of <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>tonsurans<\/jats:italic> infections in athletes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the genotypic diversity and antifungal susceptibility of <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>tonsurans<\/jats:italic> isolates causing TG in Iranian wrestlers. The presence of multiple NTS types and varying susceptibility patterns highlights the complexity of <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>tonsurans<\/jats:italic> infections in this population. Further research is warranted to track the transmission routes and genetic evolution of <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>tonsurans<\/jats:italic> strains among wrestlers and develop effective control measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T08:16:32Z","timestamp":1699517792000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Molecular typing of a collection of Iranian clinical <i>Trichophyton tonsurans<\/i> isolates based on the non\u2010transcribed spacer region of <scp>rDNA<\/scp> and antifungal susceptibility testing of the species"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9479-0255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leila","family":"Faeli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Invasive Fungi Research Centre (IFRC) Communicable Diseases Institute 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