{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T01:15:09Z","timestamp":1774314909465,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NM82272358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NM82272358"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aspergillus infections pose significant challenges in clinical management due to rising resistance rates and limited diagnostic accuracy. Superficial infections, particularly in immunocompetent individuals, are often understudied, despite their prevalence in specific populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to characterise the distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of Aspergillus isolates from a tertiary hospital in Shandong, China, and evaluate the performance of matrix\u2010assisted laser desorption time\u2010of\u2010flight (MALDI\u2010TOF) mass spectrometry versus multi\u2010gene sequencing for species identification.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients\/Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 120 Aspergillus isolates were collected from patients with localised aspergillosis (nails, external auditory canal, cornea, sub\u2010throat secretions) between 2020 and 2021. Species identification was performed using MALDI\u2010TOF and multi\u2010gene sequencing (ITS, BenA, CaM, RPB2). Antifungal susceptibility testing was conducted for micafungin, azoles (itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, fluconazole), and amphotericin B following standard protocols.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Species Identification: MALDI\u2010TOF identified 52.5% of isolates to the species level, whereas multi\u2010gene sequencing achieved 100% accuracy. <jats:italic>Aspergillus terreus<\/jats:italic> was the most prevalent species (38.3%). Antifungal Susceptibility: Micafungin showed the highest resistance rate (40%), followed by amphotericin B (reduced susceptibility in 31.7%). Azoles demonstrated low resistance (3.3%\u20136.7%) except for fluconazole (21.7%). Clinical Correlates: Superficial infections were most common in middle\u2010aged\/elderly patients (68.3%), frequently linked to external trauma (41.7%) or environmental exposure (35.8%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multi\u2010gene sequencing outperformed MALDI\u2010TOF for Aspergillus identification. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>A. terreus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> dominance and micafungin resistance highlight regional epidemiological trends. Natamycin and nystatin remain cost\u2010effective first\u2010line topical options. Enhanced surveillance in trauma\u2010prone and environmentally exposed populations is warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.70059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T06:54:51Z","timestamp":1745218491000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Profiling Drug Susceptibility and Species Identification of <i>Aspergillus<\/i> Isolates From Patients With Superficial Infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Yahui","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Mycology The No. 1 People's Hospital of Jining  Jining Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhichao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology The PKU Care Luzhong Hospital of Zibo  Zibo Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sisi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Mycology The No. 1 People's Hospital of Jining  Jining Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong First Medical University  Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongmei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine Georgetown University  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanqing","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renzhe","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory The No. 1 People's Hospital of Jining  Zibo Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0886-4191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongmei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology\/Laboratory of Medical Mycology The No. 1 People's Hospital of Jining  Jining Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.15.140"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2021.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-017-0222-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"Y.Zhang \u201cClassification of the Earthy and Nesty Groups of Aspergillus in China and Related Species of Aspergillus in Special Habitats of Xinjiang \u201d2020Beijing Forestry University."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"Y.Li \u201cIdentification Drug Sensitivity and Mechanism of Azole Drug Resistance of Chinese Multicenter Aspergillus \u201d2019Peking Union Medical 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