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This report details the appearance of environment\u2010linked tandem repeat (TR)\u2010related azole resistance genotypes since 2021.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Isolates were tested by broth micro\u2010dilution. Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute criteria were used to define wild type (WT) and non\u2010wild type (non\u2010WT) isolates, which were identified by \u00df\u2010tubulin gene sequencing and had their <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic> genotype for azole resistance determined. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was applied to two patient pairs of sequential WT and non\u2010WT isolates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From January 2021 to June 2024, 15 of 147 (10.2%) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> complex isolates were resistant or non\u2010WT for one or more azole agents. Genotyping detected hot spot mutations in four and TR\u2010associated resistance in nine. No mutations were detected in two isolates. Four of the five TR<jats:sub>46<\/jats:sub> mutations were TR<jats:sub>46<\/jats:sub>\/Y121F\/T289A. Three of the four TR<jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub> mutations were different. WGS of the paired isolates showed that the non\u2010WT isolates were distinct. Azole\u2010containing fungicides are available for home use from garden centres. Patients with TR\u2010associated resistance did not have any obvious exposure to azole\u2010containing fungicides. There was no evidence for healthcare\u2010acquired transmission.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:styled-content> sensu stricto<\/jats:italic> isolates with TR\u2010mutations linked to environmental resistance are now present in New Zealand. Those at risk of invasive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> infection should receive advice to avoid high\u2010risk exposures. Reintroducing monitoring of azole\u2010containing fungicides is recommended.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.70104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T13:40:38Z","timestamp":1756215638000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Appearance of Environment\u2010Linked Azole Resistance in the <i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i> Complex in New Zealand"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0860-7187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arthur J.","family":"Morris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New Zealand Mycology Reference Laboratory LabPlus, Auckland City Hospital  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy P.","family":"McKinney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Zealand Mycology Reference Laboratory LabPlus, Auckland City Hospital  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally A.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Zealand Mycology Reference Laboratory LabPlus, Auckland City Hospital  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasiharan","family":"Sithamparanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine and New Zealand Lung Transplant Service Auckland City Hospital  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zain","family":"Chaudhry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology Imperial School of Public Health  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1862-6402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew C.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology Imperial School of Public Health  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3004404"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2014-206291"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","volume-title":"Descriptions of Medical Fungi","author":"Kidd S.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicrob.2016.00683"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00018\u201019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01374\u201020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fnv236"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.15591"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00095-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1710.110226"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw664"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myx144"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb-2018-0059"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564\u2010022\u201001091\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031801"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.729476"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/g3journal\/jkab427"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","volume-title":"Performance Standards for the Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi","author":"CLSI","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","volume-title":"Isavuconazole Breakpoints for Aspergillus fumigatus. 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