{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T15:36:47Z","timestamp":1769355407355,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,25]],"date-time":"2014-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropathology Appl Neurobio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ependymomas are relatively rare glial tumours, whose pathogenesis is not well elucidated. They are enigmatic tumours that show site\u2010specific differences in their biological behaviour. Recent studies have hypothesized that ependymoma cancer stem cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSCs<\/jats:styled-content>) are derived from radial glia and express stem cell markers such as nestin, which is associated with a poor prognosis. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSC<\/jats:styled-content>s reside in \u2018vascular niches\u2019, where endothelial cells and molecular signals like vascular endothelial growth factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content>) play an important role in their survival. Studies analysing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> expression in ependymomas showed that ependymal vascular proliferation is less sensitive to induction by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content>, questioning the possible beneficial effect of anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> therapy in ependymomas. We aimed to study nestin and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> immunoexpression in ependymomas, correlate them with clinicopathological parameters and reveal a role for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> in ependymomas that extends beyond the context of tumour angiogenesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analysed 126 cases of ependymomas of different grades and locations for nestin and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> immunoexpression. Endothelial cells were labelled with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>34. Vascular patterns and microvascular density was determined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nestin and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> expression in tumour cells were more frequent in supratentorial tumours [89% (33\/37) and 65% (24\/37) respectively], and were associated with a significantly poor progression\u2010free survival (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFS<\/jats:styled-content>). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> expression did not reveal any correlation with necrosis or bizarre vascular patterns.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Supratentorial location is an independent predictor of a poor <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFS<\/jats:styled-content>. Significant coexpression of nestin and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> suggests that latter possibly augments stem cell survival. Thus, anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> therapy may be a good option in future for nestin immunopositive ependymomas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,14]],"date-time":"2013-11-14T03:54:57Z","timestamp":1384401297000},"page":"714-725","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Study of stem cell marker nestin and its correlation with vascular endothelial growth factor and microvascular density in ependymomas"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Aruna","family":"Nambirajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical Sciences  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehar C.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical Sciences  New Delhi 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