{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:48:44Z","timestamp":1788914924524,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,29]],"date-time":"2015-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422489600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000238","name":"Brain Tumour Foundation of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000238","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropathology Appl Neurobio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Meningiomas are one of the most common brain tumours in adults. Invasive and malignant meningiomas present a significant therapeutic challenge due to high recurrence rates and invasion into surrounding bone, brain, neural and soft tissues. Understanding the molecular mechanism of invasion could help in designing novel therapeutic approaches in order to prevent the need for repeat surgery, decrease morbidity and improve patient survival. The aim of this study was to identify the key factors and underlying mechanisms which govern invasive properties of meningiomas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Formalin\u2010fixed paraffin\u2010embedded (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FFPE<\/jats:styled-content>) as well as frozen tumour tissues from bone\u2010invasive, non\u2010invasive and malignant meningiomas were used for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> microarray, quantitative real\u2010time <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>estern blot analyses. Malignant meningioma cell lines (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>5) were subject to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>16 downregulation or overexpression and used for <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> functional assays. Subdural xenograft meningioma tumours were generated to study the invasion of tumour cells into brain parenchyma using cell lines with altered <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>16 expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We establish that the expression level of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>16 was significantly elevated in both bone\u2010invasive and brain invasive meningiomas. Gain\u2010 and loss\u2010of\u2010function experiments indicated a role for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>16 in meningioma cell movement, invasion and tumour cell growth. Furthermore, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>16 was shown to positively regulate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>2, suggesting this mechanism may modulate meningioma invasion in invasive meningiomas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, the results support a role for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>16 in promoting invasive properties of the meningioma tumours. Further studies to explore the potential value for clinical use of matrix metalloproteinases inhibitors are warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,3]],"date-time":"2014-07-03T08:53:22Z","timestamp":1404377602000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A role for matrix remodelling proteins in invasive and malignant meningiomas"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Shahrzad","family":"Jalali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Labatt's Brain Tumor Research Center Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Labatt's Brain Tumor Research Center Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario 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