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The most common brain tumours encountered in affected patients are low\u2010grade gliomas (pilocytic astrocytomas), although high\u2010grade gliomas are also observed at increased frequency. While bi\u2010allelic <jats:italic>NF1<\/jats:italic> loss characterizes these tumours, previous studies have suggested noncoding RNA molecules (microRNA, miR) may have important roles in dictating glioma biology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the contributions of miRs in NF1\u2010associated gliomas, we analysed five high\u2010grade gliomas (NF1\u2010HGG) and five PAs (NF1\u2010PA) using global microRNA profiling with NanoString\u2010based microarrays followed by functional experiments with glioma cell lines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>miR\u201010b\u20105p, miR\u2010135b\u20105p, miR\u2010196a\u20105p, miR\u2010196b\u20105p, miR\u20101247\u20105p and miR\u2010320a (adjusted <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) were increased&gt;\u00a03\u2010fold in NF1\u2010HGG relative to NF1\u2010PA tumours. In addition, miR\u2010378b and miR\u20101305 were decreased 6.8\u2010 and 6\u2010fold, respectively, whereas miR\u2010451a was increased 2.7\u2010fold (adjusted <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in NF1\u2010PAs compared to non\u2010neoplastic NF1 patient brain specimens (n\u00a0=\u00a02). As miR\u201010b\u20105p was the microRNA overexpressed the most in NF1\u2010high\u2010grade glioma compared to NF1\u2010low\u2010grade glioma (5.76 fold), we examined its levels in glioma cell lines. miR\u201010b\u20105p levels were highest in adult glioma cell lines and lowest in paediatric low\u2010grade glioma lines (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02). miR\u201010b\u20105p knockdown resulted in decreased invasion in <jats:italic>NF1<\/jats:italic>\u2010deficient LN229 high\u2010grade glioma line, whereas its overexpression in the NF1\u2010PA derived line (JHH\u2010NF1\u2010PA1) led to increased invasion. There was no change in cell growth (viability and proliferation).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These proof\u2010of\u2010concept experiments support a role for microRNA regulation in NF1\u2010glioma biology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T21:39:12Z","timestamp":1593553152000},"page":"96-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Global microRNA profiling identified miR\u201010b\u20105p as a regulator of neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1)\u2010glioma migration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"J. 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