{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T21:53:33Z","timestamp":1785707613406,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropathology Appl Neurobio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aim to evaluate if the myelin pathology observed in epilepsy\u2010associated focal cortical dysplasia type 2B (FCD2B) and\u2014histologically indistinguishable\u2014cortical tubers of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is primarily related to the underlying malformation or constitutes a secondary phenomenon due to the toxic microenvironment created by epileptic seizures. We also aim to investigate the possible beneficial effect of the mTOR pathway regulator everolimus on white matter pathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Primary mixed glial cell cultures derived from epilepsy surgery specimens of one TSC and seven FCD2B patients were grown on polycaprolactone fibre matrices and analysed using immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Unaffected white matter from three age\u2010matched epilepsy patients with mild malformations of cortical development (mMCD) and one with FCD3D served as controls. Additionally,\n                      <jats:italic>TSC2<\/jats:italic>\n                      knock\u2010out was performed using an oligodendroglial cell line. Myelination capacities of nanofibre grown cells in an inflammatory environment after mTOR\u2010inhibitor treatment with everolimus were further investigated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reduced oligodendroglial turnover, directly related to a lower myelin content was found in the patients' primary cells. In our culture model of myelination dynamics, primary cells grown under \u2018inflammatory condition\u2019 showed decreased myelination, that was repaired by treatment with everolimus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Results obtained in patient\u2010derived primary oligodendroglial and\n                      <jats:italic>TSC2<\/jats:italic>\n                      knock\u2010out cells suggest that maturation of oligodendroglia and production of a proper myelin sheath seem to be impaired as a result of mTOR pathway disturbance. Hence, oligodendroglial pathology may reflect a more direct effect of the abnormal genetic programme rather than to be an inactive bystander of chronic epilepsy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T00:14:26Z","timestamp":1624666466000},"page":"812-825","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Impaired myelin production due to an intrinsic failure of oligodendrocytes in mTORpathies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Victoria\u2010Elisabeth","family":"Gruber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Medical University of Vienna \u2013 Affiliated Partner of the ERN EpiCARE  Vienna 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