{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:47:41Z","timestamp":1768524461863,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,24]],"date-time":"2014-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nephrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADPKD<\/jats:styled-content>) is a monogenetic disorder that leads to kidney failure. Our aim was to undertake a meta\u2010analysis of randomized trials of interventions that have been hypothesized to reduce the progression of total kidney volume (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TKV<\/jats:styled-content>) and renal function in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADPKD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Relevant trials were identified, and outcomes were: change in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TKV<\/jats:styled-content>, total cyst volume (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TCV<\/jats:styled-content>), renal function and adverse events. Meta\u2010analysis used random effects, with results expressed as mean difference and risk ratio both with 95% confidence intervals (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eleven trials (2262 patients) were included. Compared with placebo, Target of Rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) inhibitors (5 trials, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009619), showed no significant change in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TKV<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.21), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TCV<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.06) or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.22). Somatostatin analogues (3 trials, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009157) reduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TKV<\/jats:styled-content> by 9% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> \u221210.33 to \u22127.58%) but did not alter <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>. The vasopressin receptor antagonist (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091455) attenuated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TKV<\/jats:styled-content> increase to 3%\/year (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> \u22123.48 to \u22122.52) and slowed kidney function decline over a 3\u2010year period. A single trial (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200941) of eicosapentaenoic acid did not alter the progression of either <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TKV<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.9) or renal dysfunction (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.78). Adverse events were significant for interventions in all trials compared with placebo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These data suggest that somatostatin analogues and vasopressin receptor antagonists attenuate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TKV<\/jats:styled-content> increase. The neutral effects of TORC1 inhibitors on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TKV<\/jats:styled-content> could be true, or due to heterogeneity in study population, drug efficacy and follow\u2010up duration. In the future, further well\u2010designed and powered trials of longer duration using new biomarkers or therapeutic agents with better tolerance are required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.12211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,25]],"date-time":"2014-01-25T09:05:35Z","timestamp":1390640735000},"page":"217-226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Treatments to slow progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of randomized trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Thida M","family":"Myint","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Renal Medicine and Transplantation Westmead Hospital Western Sydney Local Health District  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gopi K","family":"Rangan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Renal Medicine and Transplantation Westmead Hospital Western Sydney Local Health District  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Michael Stern Translational Laboratory for Polycystic Kidney Disease Centre for Transplant and Renal Research Westmead Millennium Institute The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela C","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Renal Medicine and Transplantation Westmead Hospital Western Sydney Local Health District  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Sydney School of Public Health University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60601-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.60.101707.125712"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","unstructured":"ANZDATA.Registry Data 2010\u20132011. Available from URL:http:\/\/www.anzdata.org.au\/v1\/annual_reports_download.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02927815"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00185.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00330705"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs519"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e318256754f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000354398"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"TheCochraneCollaboration.Chapter 16.4. Cross\u2010over trials Chapter 16.5. Studies with more than two intervention groups.Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2009.214"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","unstructured":"TheCochraneCollaboration.Chapter 8. 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