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Diabetic kidney disease can manifest as varying degrees of renal insufficiency and albuminuria, with heterogeneity in histology reported on renal biopsy. For patients with diabetes and proteinuria, the finding of non\u2010diabetic kidney disease alone or superimposed on the changes of diabetic nephropathy is increasingly reported. It is important to identify non\u2010diabetic kidney disease as some forms are treatable, sometimes leading to remission. Clinical indications for a heightened suspicion of non\u2010diabetic kidney disease and hence consideration for renal biopsy in patients with diabetes and nephropathy include absence of diabetic retinopathy, short duration of diabetes, atypical chronology, presence of haematuria or other systemic disease, and the nephrotic syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.12288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,4]],"date-time":"2014-06-04T12:09:28Z","timestamp":1401883768000},"page":"528-536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Spectrum of renal disease in diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jessie","family":"Teng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes St Vincent's Hospital  Northern Territory Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen M","family":"Dwyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology St Vincent's Hospital  Northern Territory Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Melbourne  Northern Territory Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prue","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Pathology St Vincent's Hospital  Northern Territory Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"See","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology St Vincent's Hospital  Northern Territory Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elif I","family":"Ekinci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Melbourne  Northern Territory Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine Centre Austin Health  Northern Territory Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University  Northern Territory Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Jerums","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Melbourne  Northern Territory Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine Centre Austin Health  Northern Territory Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard J","family":"MacIsaac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes St Vincent's Hospital  Northern Territory Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Melbourne  Northern Territory Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.5.1047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2012.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00365.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"S1","article-title":"K\/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: Evaluation, classification, and stratification","volume":"39","author":"National Kidney Foundation","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. 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