{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T12:55:23Z","timestamp":1790772923770,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,9]],"date-time":"2015-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Royal Australasian College Of Physicians Jaqcuot Research Establishment Award"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nephrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Aims<\/jats:title>\n \n Acute antibody\u2010mediated rejection can occur in absence of circulating donor\u2010specific antibodies. Agonistic antibodies targeting the anti\u2010angiotensin\n II<\/jats:styled-content>\n type 1 receptor (anti\u2010\n AT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n R<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) are emerging as important non\u2010human leucocyte antigen (\n HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) antibodies. Elevated levels of anti\u2010angiotensin\n II<\/jats:styled-content>\n receptor antibodies were first observed in kidney transplant recipients with malignant hypertension and allograft rejection. They have now been studied in three separate kidney transplant populations and associate to frequency of rejection, severity of rejection and graft failure.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We report 11 cases of biopsy\u2010proven,\n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n omplement 4 fragment d (\n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4d)\u2010negative, acute rejection occurring without circulating donor\u2010specific anti\u2010\n HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\n antibodies. In eight cases, anti\u2010angiotensin receptor antibodies were retrospectively examined. The remaining three subjects were identified from our centre's newly instituted routine anti\u2010angiotensin receptor antibody screening.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n All subjects fulfilled\n B<\/jats:styled-content>\n anff 2013 criteria for antibody\u2010mediated rejection and all responded to anti\u2010rejection therapy, which included plasma exchange and angiotensin receptor blocker therapy.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n These cases support the routine assessment of anti\u2010\n AT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n R<\/jats:styled-content>\n antibodies in kidney transplant recipients to identify subjects at risk. Further studies will need to determine optimal assessment protocol and the effectiveness of pre\u2010emptive treatment with angiotensin receptor blockers.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.12441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]],"date-time":"2015-02-26T07:05:51Z","timestamp":1424934351000},"page":"467-473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["C<\/scp>\n 4d\u2010negative antibody\u2010mediated rejection with high anti\u2010angiotensin\n II<\/scp>\n type\n I<\/scp>\n receptor antibodies in absence of donor\u2010specific antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Fuss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET) Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services (CNARTS) Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M","family":"Hope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET) Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services (CNARTS) Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Deayton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Division Australian Red Cross Blood Service (ARCBS) Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg Donald","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Division Australian Red Cross Blood Service (ARCBS) Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhonda","family":"Holdsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Division Australian Red Cross Blood Service (ARCBS) Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert P","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET) Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services (CNARTS) Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P Toby H","family":"Coates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET) Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services (CNARTS) Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 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