{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T09:25:48Z","timestamp":1777973148354,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,22]],"date-time":"2016-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nephrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a debilitating renal problem in children resulting from an interaction between environmental and genetic factors including human leukocyte antigen genes (HLA). The aim of this work was to study the probable link between HLA alleles\/haplotypes and NS in south India.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>HLA DRB1*\/DQB1* alleles were genotyped in 183 NS (76 steroid sensitive\u2010SSNS; 107 steroid resistant\u2010SRNS) and paediatric healthy controls (PHCs; <jats:italic>n\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u200991) using polymerase chain reaction\u2010sequence specific primers (PCR\u2010SSP). HLA\u2010A\/\u2010B genotyping was performed for patients (<jats:italic>n\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u200970) positive for DRB1*07\u2010DQB1*02 haplotype to identify four locus extended haplotype.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The following alleles and haplotypes were strongly associated with NS (<jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20090.05 as significant): DRB1*07 (SSNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20097.98\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u20106<\/jats:sup>; SRNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20090.008), DQB1*02 (SSNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20093.99\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u20106<\/jats:sup>; SRNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20090.002), DRB1*07\u2010DQB1*02 (SSNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20091.32\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u20104<\/jats:sup>; SRNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20090.010), DRB1*07\u2010DQB1*0301,0304 (DQ7) (SSNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20090.001) and DRB1*03\u2010DQB1*02 (SRNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20090.048). Protective associations were observed for alleles DRB1*10 (SRNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20090.013), DQB1*05 (SSNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20094.34\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u20106<\/jats:sup>; SRNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20090.01), DQB1*06 (SSNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20090.003), and haplotypes DRB1*10\u2010DQB1*06 (SSNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20090.046; SRNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20090.032) and DRB1*15\u2010DQB1*05 (SSNS, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20090.018). HLA\u2010A\/\u2010B typing of 70 NS cases with two locus haplotype DRB1*07\u2010DQB1*02 (70\/183; 38.25%) revealed the presence of an extended haplotype \u2018A*03\u2010B*07\u2010DRB1*07\u2010DQB1*02\u2019 (<jats:italic>n\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u200935; 50%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study revealed strong susceptible association of DRB1*07 with SRNS and DQB1*02 with SSNS. A gender predominant protective association was observed for DRB1*10 with SRNS females; DQB1*05 with SSNS and SRNS males. Further, the study documented the presence of an extended haplotype and pleiotropic action of DRB1*\/DQB1* alleles in immune\u2010mediated aetiology of NS in south India.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.12669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,14]],"date-time":"2015-11-14T03:08:57Z","timestamp":1447470537000},"page":"745-752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Association of HLA\u2010DR\/DQ alleles and haplotypes with nephrotic syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Aravind Selvin Kumar","family":"Ramanathan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Institute of Child Health &amp; Hospital for Children Madras Medical College  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prabha","family":"Senguttuvan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Institute of Child Health &amp; Hospital for Children Madras Medical College  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Nephrology Dr. Mehta's Children's Hospital  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rathika","family":"Chinniah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences Madurai Kamaraj University  Madurai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Murali","family":"Vijayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology &amp; Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology Bharathidasan University  Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manikandan","family":"Thirunavukkarasu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology &amp; Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology Bharathidasan University  Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamaraj","family":"Raju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences Madurai Kamaraj University  Madurai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dhivakar","family":"Mani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences Madurai Kamaraj University  Madurai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Padma Malini","family":"Ravi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences Madurai Kamaraj University  Madurai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Padmaraj","family":"Rajendran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Institute of Child Health &amp; Hospital for Children Madras Medical College  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeyaram Illiayaraja","family":"Krishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health City Narayana Hospital  Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Balakrishnan","family":"Karuppiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences Madurai Kamaraj University  Madurai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paed.2009.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1981.tb00739.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X1998000300010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"246","article-title":"HLA\u2010B60 and HLA\u2010DR4 alleles in Javanese children with steroid\u2010sensitive primary nephrotic syndrome","volume":"46","author":"Damanik MP","year":"2006","journal-title":"Paediatr. Ind."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-006-0365-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014030247"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198202113060617"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1989.135"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(89)80819-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1994.185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"686","article-title":"Focal glomerulosclerosis\u2013another familial renal disease","volume":"95","author":"Walker R","year":"1982","journal-title":"New Zeal. Med. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(87)80195-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14184-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"157","article-title":"Molecular typing for the MHC with PCR\u2010SSP","volume":"1","author":"Welsh K","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev. Immunogenet."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1992.tb01940.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1995.tb03127.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0039.1999.530208.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1984.tb02126.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1986.tb01500.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1987.tb01606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000066329"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-313X.2007.00683.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.12116"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004670050445"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0039.2001.580402.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-001-0668-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-313X.2006.00577.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-8859(92)90023-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/237139a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","first-page":"955","volume-title":"Histocompatibility Testing\u2019. Histocompatibility Testing 1980","author":"Baur MP","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1081068"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i12.1770"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000160"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","first-page":"1156","article-title":"Identification of HLA A3 and B7 Restricted CTL response to Hep C Virus in patients with acute and chronic hep C'","volume":"162","author":"Kyong\u2010mi c","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. Assoc. of Immun."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3480","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.157.8.3480","article-title":"Specificity and degeneracy in peptide binding to HLA\u2010B7\u2010like class I molecules","volume":"157","author":"Sidney J","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-8859(95)00173-5"}],"container-title":["Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fnep.12669","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nep.12669","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T11:34:07Z","timestamp":1696160047000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nep.12669"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,22]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nep.12669"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nep.12669","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1320-5358","1440-1797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1320-5358","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1797","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-08-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-11-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-08-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}