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Atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome is a serious, life\u2010threatening disease characterized by thrombotic microangiopathy, which causes haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopaenia, and acute renal failure. Since recurrences of atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome frequently lead to end\u2010stage kidney disease even in renal allografts, kidney transplantation for patients with end\u2010stage kidney disease secondary to atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome has long been contraindicated. However, over the past several years, advancements in the management of atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome have allowed successful kidney transplantation in these patients. The key factor of this success is eculizumab, a humanized anti\u2010C5 monoclonal antibody, which inhibits terminal membrane\u2010attack complex formation and thrombotic microangiopathy progression. In the setting of kidney transplantation, there are different possible triggers of post\u2010transplant atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome recurrence, such as brain\u2010death related injury, ischaemia\u2013reperfusion injury, infections, the use of immunosuppressive drugs, and rejection. Principal strategies are to prevent endothelial damage that could potentially activate alternative complement pathway activation and subsequently lead to atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome recurrence in kidney allograft. Published data shows that prophylactic eculizumab therapy is highly effective for the prevention of post\u2010transplant atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome recurrence, and prompt treatment with eculizumab as soon as recurrence is diagnosed is important to maintain renal allograft function. Further study to determine the optimal dosing and duration of prophylactic therapy and treatment of post\u2010transplant atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome recurrence is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.12776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,18]],"date-time":"2016-03-18T12:29:13Z","timestamp":1458304153000},"page":"9-13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prevention and treatment of atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome after kidney transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Masayoshi","family":"Okumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazunari","family":"Tanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0902814"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2010.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trre.2013.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010050451"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5527\/wjn.v2.i3.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)91987-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2590"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e32835df48a"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2012.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124655"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.02210310"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0603420103"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-01-133702"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810739"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddi066"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2005.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2005.030783"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00050505"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006080811"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12077"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-10-007252"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-009-1188-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012090884"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V122297"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2135497100"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005101051"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005010103"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2007.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2004.019083"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2008.06.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2006.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008111145"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12130"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00158.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-010-1636-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1161132","article-title":"Thrombotic microangiopathy associated with parvovirus B 19 infection after renal transplantation","volume":"11","author":"Murer L","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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