{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:58:16Z","timestamp":1780966696838,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,29]],"date-time":"2018-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nephrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients on dialysis are in a chronic carnitine\u2010deficient state. This condition may be associated with abnormalities in fatty acid and organic acid metabolism; however, the details are unknown. We investigated the association between carnitine profiles before and after dialysis and the erythropoiesis\u2010stimulating agent (ESA) resistance index (ERI), which is a significant prognostic factor in patients on maintenance haemodialysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a cross\u2010sectional study. We measured the carnitine profile of 79 patients on maintenance haemodialysis before and after dialysis using liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry (LC\u2013MS\/MS). The associations between the ERI and pre\u2010dialysis carnitine profile, removal rate of various carnitines, and previously\u2010reported ERI\u2010related factors were investigated. Significant factors were determined with stepwise multiple regression analysis and validated with the bootstrap method. SPSS version 22.0 was used for analysis, and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The removal rate of long\u2010chain acylcarnitine with dialysis was lower than that of short\u2010chain or medium\u2010chain acylcarnitines. Stepwise multiple regression analysis (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 79) demonstrated that 3\u2010hydroxy isovalerylcarnitine (C5\u2010OH, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001, \u03b2 = \u22120.469) and stearoylcarnitine (C18, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001, \u03b2 = 0.390) were independent significant factors (R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.239) of ERI. The bootstrap method similarly indicated these two to be significant factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>ERI positively correlated with long\u2010chain C18 acylcarnitine and negatively correlated with short\u2010chain C5\u2010OH acylcarnitine. C5\u2010OH and C18 acylcarnitines at baseline might be contributing factors in distinguishing responders from nonresponders after L\u2010carnitine administration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.13079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]],"date-time":"2017-06-13T15:48:51Z","timestamp":1497368931000},"page":"737-743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Association between resistance to erythropoiesis\u2010stimulating agents and carnitine profile in patients on maintenance haemodialysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Daigo","family":"Kamei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Blood Purification Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Kidney Center Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Tsuchiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Blood Purification Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Kidney Center Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kosaku","family":"Nitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Blood Purification Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Kidney Center Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michio","family":"Mineshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Kidney Center Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Engineering Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Akiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Blood Purification Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Kidney Center Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2008.414"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-6386(95)90439-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2007.02926.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3610417","article-title":"Carnitine biosynthesis in mammals","volume":"361","author":"Vaz FM","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem. 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