{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:45:21Z","timestamp":1747187121816,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nephrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>An echocardiography\u2010derived calcium score (ECS) has been shown to predict cardiovascular (CV) mortality in the general population but has not been utilized in the dialysis population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a prospective cohort study including 125 prevalent PD patients. Two blinded and independent echocardiographers determined the ECS for each subject at baseline. The primary outcome was the three\u2010point major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) which is a composite outcome comprising CV death, non\u2010fatal myocardial infarction and non\u2010fatal stroke. The secondary outcome was all\u2010cause mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean age was 61\u2009\u00b1\u200913\u2009years. The median follow\u2010up duration was 40\u2009months (range 1\u201350). Seventy six (60.8%) of the subjects had diabetes mellitus (DM). The median duration of dialysis was 32 (IQR 16\u201354) months. The incidences of MACE and all\u2010cause mortality were 13.0 per 100 patient\u2010years and 18.3 per 100 patient\u2010years. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified the following three independent predictors of MACE: ECS (HR 1.253\/unit increase in ECS, 95% CI 1.014\u20131.547, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.036), DM (HR 2.467, 95% CI 1.014\u20136.005, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.047) and pre\u2010existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR 2.441, 95% CI 1.261\u20134.728, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.008); and the following two predictors of all\u2010cause mortality: pre\u2010existing CVD (HR 2.156, 95% CI 1.251\u20133.714, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.006) and serum albumin (HR 0.887\/g\/L increase in serum albumin, 95% CI 0.839\u20130.937, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ECS appears to be a significant predictor of MACE in PD patients independently of DM and pre\u2010existing CVD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.13977","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]],"date-time":"2021-09-18T13:39:18Z","timestamp":1631972358000},"page":"181-189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An echocardiography\u2010derived calcium score as a predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events in peritoneal dialysis patients\u2014A prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6625-8536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ho\u2010Kwan","family":"Sin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine and Geriatrics Kwong Wah Hospital  Kowloon Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping\u2010Nam","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine and Geriatrics Kwong Wah Hospital  Kowloon Hong 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Hospital  Kowloon Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lo\u2010Yi","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine and Geriatrics Kwong Wah Hospital  Kowloon Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wing\u2010Tung","family":"Kwok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine and Geriatrics Kwong Wah Hospital  Kowloon Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai\u2010Chun","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine and Geriatrics Kwong Wah Hospital  Kowloon Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew Kui\u2010Man","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine and Geriatrics Kwong Wah Hospital  Kowloon Hong 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