{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T23:33:10Z","timestamp":1788564790438,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nephrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study reviewed the morbidity and mortality of bloodstream infections (BSIs) in patients with kidney failure receiving haemodialysis (HD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study reviewing clinical characteristics, microbiology and outcomes of BSIs in patients receiving HD from 1 December 2017 to 1 December 2023 using data from an integrated network of dialysis sites. Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted, as well as Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis for survival.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 1461 patients who received HD over the study period, 171 positive blood cultures occurred in 137 patients. Sixty blood cultures (35%) were considered non\u2010significant contaminants, leaving 111 significant BSIs in 97 patients. Patients with BSIs had a median age of 65\u2009years (interquartile range [IQR]: 50\u201376); 61% were males, with 48% having diabetes mellitus and 57% cardiovascular disease. A high proportion of BSI episodes (66\/111, 59%) were determined to be HD access\u2010associated, primarily in patients with central venous catheters (55\/111, 50%). The most frequent non\u2010HD access\u2010associated sources were intra\u2010abdominal\/biliary (9%) and urinary (8%).\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (25%) was the most isolated organism, followed by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermis<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (12%). Polymicrobial BSI occurred in 10% of episodes. Median hospitalisation length was 9\u2009days (IQR: 6\u201315). Mortality at 90\u2009days was high (24%), and on multivariate analysis was associated with increasing age (odds ratio: 1.06 per year [IQR: 1.01\u20131.10]).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BSIs remain a major issue in patients receiving HD, contributing to prolonged hospitalisations and high mortality rates. HD access\u2010associated BSIs account for a substantial proportion of BSIs and remain a pertinent target for intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.70113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T23:54:50Z","timestamp":1756166090000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical Characteristics, Microbiology and Outcomes of Bloodstream Infections in Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis\u2014An Australian Network Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2006-5122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aliya N.","family":"Bryce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Service The Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine The University of Melbourne  Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett","family":"Sobey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology The Royal Melbourne Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Kinsella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Service The Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven Y. C.","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Service The Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2853-5096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nigel D.","family":"Toussaint","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine The University of Melbourne  Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology The Royal Melbourne Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfv007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2023.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajt.2023.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.05022-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sdi.12094"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2017.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-019-1253-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-069634","article-title":"Multifaceted Intervention to Reduce Haemodialysis Catheter Related Bloodstream Infections: REDUCCTION Stepped Wedge, Cluster Randomised Trial","volume":"377","author":"Kotwal S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","unstructured":"ANZDATA \u201cANZDATA 46th Annual Report 2023 (Data to 2022) \u201d(2023) https:\/\/www.anzdata.org.au\/report\/anzdata\u201046th\u2010annual\u2010report\u20102023\u2010data\u2010to\u20102022\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","unstructured":"Royal Melbourne Hospital \u201cAbout Kidney Care: The Royal Melbourne Hospital \u201d(2022) https:\/\/www.thermh.org.au\/services\/kidney\u2010care\/about\u2010kidney\u2010care."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","unstructured":"The Royal Melbourne Hospital \u201cOur Community \u201d(2023) https:\/\/www.thermh.org.au\/about\/community\u2010partnerships\/our\u2010community."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.01317"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124547"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfr055"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","article-title":"Bloodstream Infection Annual Report 2022","volume":"47","author":"Coombs G. W.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Communicable Diseases Intelligence"}],"container-title":["Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nep.70113","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T01:36:41Z","timestamp":1764639401000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nep.70113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nep.70113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nep.70113","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1320-5358","1440-1797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1320-5358","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1797","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70113"}}