{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T21:03:50Z","timestamp":1761167030719,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["neuromodulationjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,25]],"date-time":"2016-06-25T15:14:02Z","timestamp":1466867642000},"page":"791-803","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Some Non-FDA Approved Uses for Neuromodulation in Treating Autonomic Nervous System Disorders: A Discussion of the Preliminary Support"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Samuel","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alaa","family":"Abd-Elsayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1403.2010.00314.x","article-title":"Simultaneous use of neurostimulators in patients with a preexisting cardiovascular implantable electronic device","volume":"14","author":"Ooi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee SY, Abd-Elsayed A. Some non-FDA approved uses for neuromodulation: discussing the evidence. Pain Prac 2015; e-pub ahead of print. doi: 10.1111\/papr.12405.","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12405"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00878-3","article-title":"Gastric electrical stimulation for medically refractory gastroparesis","volume":"125","author":"Abell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.05.020","article-title":"Gastric electrical stimulation with enterra therapy improves symptoms from diabetic gastroparesis in a prospective study","volume":"8","author":"McCallum","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2011.05.022","article-title":"A double-masked, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of temporary endoscopic mucosal gastric electrical stimulation for gastroparesis","volume":"74","author":"Abell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12185","article-title":"Gastric electrical stimulation with Enterra therapy improves symptoms of idiopathic gastroparesis","volume":"25","author":"McCallum","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.04.020","article-title":"Neuromodulatory therapy to improve erectile function recovery outcomes after pelvic surgery","volume":"176","author":"Burnett","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)66882-4","article-title":"Intraoperative electrostimulation of the cavernous nerve: technique, results and limitations","volume":"154","author":"Lue","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00182971","article-title":"Functional electromyostimulation of the corpus cavernosum penis\u2014preliminary results of a novel therapeutic option for erectile dysfunction","volume":"13","author":"Stief","year":"1995","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2008.00865.x","article-title":"Intraoperative assessment of an implantable electrode array for cavernous nerve stimulation","volume":"5","author":"Burnett","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1159\/000171508","article-title":"Clinical significance of gastric myoelectrical dysrhythmias","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2006.00760.x","article-title":"Treatment of gastroparesis: a multidisciplinary clinical review","volume":"18","author":"Abell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018804128695","article-title":"Efficacy of electrical stimulation at frequencies higher than basal rate in canine stomach","volume":"42","author":"Familoni","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607103027004277","article-title":"Gastric electrical stimulation for gastroparesis improves nutritional parameters at short, intermediate, and long-term follow-up","volume":"27","author":"Abell","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1403.2012.00429.x","article-title":"Gastric neuromodulation with Enterra system for nausea and vomiting in patients with gastroparesis","volume":"15","author":"Yin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1320-7881.2001.00102.x-i1","article-title":"Efficiency and efficacy of multi-channel gastric electrical stimulation","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-005-2553-5","article-title":"Two-channel gastric electrical stimulation accelerates delayed gastric emptying induced by fasopressin","volume":"50","author":"Song","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023099206939","article-title":"Treatment of gastroparesis with electrical stimulation","volume":"48","author":"Lin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2005.11.005","article-title":"Therapeutic potentials of a novel method of dual-pulse gastric electrical stimulation for gastric dysrhythmia and symptoms of nausea and vomiting","volume":"191","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1875","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00821.2006","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of synchronized gastric electrical stimulation for gastroparesis: enhanced gastric motility in dogs","volume":"293","author":"Zhu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"year":"1974","series-title":"Diseases of the esophagus","author":"Vantrappen","key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib21"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib22","series-title":"Handbook of physiology: the gastrointestinal system","first-page":"865","article-title":"Esophageal motility","author":"Goyal","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib23","series-title":"The esophagus","first-page":"1","article-title":"Functional anatomy and physiology of swallowing and esophageal motility","author":"Goyal","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib24","series-title":"Textbook of gastroenterology","first-page":"157","article-title":"Esophageal motor function","author":"Biancani","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib25","series-title":"Gastrointestinal and liver disease: pathophysiology, diagnosis, management","first-page":"561","article-title":"Esophageal motor and sensory function and motor disorders of the esophagus","author":"Clouse","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-014-2724-9","article-title":"2014 SSAT state-of-the-art conference: advances in diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease","volume":"19","author":"Perry","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.03935.x","article-title":"Provocation of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations by gastric distension with air","volume":"96","author":"Straathof","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.7174","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of laparoscopic Nissen (posterior total) versus Toupet (posterior partial) fundoplication for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease","volume":"97","author":"Broeders","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(68)90191-8","article-title":"The prevention of experimentally induced reflux by electrical stimulation of the distal esophagus","volume":"115","author":"Ellis","year":"1968","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G389","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.90201.2008","article-title":"Effect of electrical stimulation of the LES on LES pressure in a canine model","volume":"295","author":"Sanmiguel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-945102","article-title":"An endoscopically implantable device stimulates the lower esophageal sphincter on demand by remote control: a study using a canine model","volume":"39","author":"Clarke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2012.01878.x","article-title":"Short-term electrical stimulation of the lower esophageal sphincter increases sphincter pressure in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease","volume":"24","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-013-3271-2","article-title":"Effect of electrical stimulation of the lower esophageal sphincter using endoscopically implanted temporary stimulation leads in patients with reflux disease","volume":"28","author":"Banerjee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-012-2561-4","article-title":"Electrical stimulation therapy of the lower esophageal sphincter is successful in treating GERD: final results of open-label prospective trial","volume":"27","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2007.00658.x","article-title":"The development of the GERD-HRQL symptom severity instrument","volume":"20","author":"Velanovich","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1344213","article-title":"Long-term results of electrical stimulation of the lower esophageal sphincter for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease","volume":"45","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2014.10.012","article-title":"Two-year results of intermittent electrical stimulation of the lower esophageal sphincter treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease","volume":"157","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodriguez L, Rodriguez P, Gomez B, Netto MG, Crowell MD, Soffer E. Electrical stimulation therapy of the lower esophageal sphincter is successful in treating GERD: long-term 3 year results. Surg Endosc. In press 2015.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-015-4539-5"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib39","first-page":"A411","article-title":"Electrical stimulation therapy (EST) of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) - an effective therapy for refractory GERD - interim results of an international multicenter trial","volume":"1","author":"Siersema","year":"2013","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13306","article-title":"Electrical stimulation therapy of the lower oesophageal sphincter for refractory gastro-oesophageal reflux disease \u2013 interim results of an international multicenter trial","volume":"42","author":"Kappelle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ailment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.732","article-title":"Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States, 2011-2012","volume":"311","author":"Ogden","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.39","article-title":"Prevalence of obesity and trends in the distribution of body mass index among US adults, 1999-2010","volume":"307","author":"Flegal","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"0","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000058","article-title":"The preventable causes of death in the United States: comparative risk assessment of dietary, lifestyle, and metabolic risk factors","volume":"6","author":"Danaei","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.89.8.1194","article-title":"The direct health care costs of obesity in the United States","volume":"89","author":"Allison","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1207\/s15324796abm2702_4","article-title":"The weight loss experience: a descriptive analysis","volume":"27","author":"Jeffery","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-142-7-200504050-00012","article-title":"Meta-analysis: pharmacologic treatment of obesity","volume":"142","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-007-9265-1","article-title":"Long-term weight regain after gastric bypass: a 5-year prospective study","volume":"18","author":"Magro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.2337\/db10-1614","article-title":"Partial reversibility of hypothalamic dysfunction and changes in brain activity after body mass reduction in obese subjects","volume":"60","author":"van de Sande-Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1126\/science.132.3430.805","article-title":"Relationship between feeding and satiation centers of the hypothalamus","volume":"132","author":"Wyrwicka","year":"1960","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.32","article-title":"Neural correlates of food addiction","volume":"68","author":"Gearhardt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2519","article-title":"Dopamine D2 receptors in addiction-like reward dysfunction and compulsive eating in obese rats","volume":"13","author":"Johnson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2009.01.017","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens reduces ethanol consumption in rats","volume":"92","author":"Knapp","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31827f0f91","article-title":"Emerging subspecialties in neurology: deep brain stimulation and electrical neuro-network modulation","volume":"80","author":"Hassan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S54","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23535","article-title":"Long-term management of DBS in dystonia: response to stimulation, adverse events, battery changes, and special considerations","volume":"26","author":"Tagliati","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib55","unstructured":"Rezai A. Deep brain stimulation for the treatment of obesity. ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda, MD: National Library of Medicine (US). Available from: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01512134"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.2.JNS12903","article-title":"Lateral hypothalamic area deep brain stimulation for refractory obesity: a pilot study with preliminary data on safety, body weight, and energy metabolism","volume":"119","author":"Whiting","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib57","unstructured":"Gorgulho A. Deep brain stimulation for human morbid obesity (BLESS). ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda, MD: National Library of Medicine (US). Available from: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02232919"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib58","unstructured":"Luming. PINS Stimulator System for Deep Brain Stimulation to Treat Obesity. In: Clinical Trials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000-2015Nov18. Available from: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02254395"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib59","unstructured":"Damiani D. Deep brain stimulation for the treatment of obesity in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome (DBSPW). ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda, MD: National Library of Medicine (US). Available from: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02297022"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(80)90128-6","article-title":"Suppression of attack behavior in cats by stimulation of ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens","volume":"183","author":"Goldstein","year":"1980","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12601","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3750-07.2007","article-title":"High-frequency deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens region suppresses neuronal activity and selectively modulates afferent drive in rat orbitofrontal cortex in vivo","volume":"27","author":"McCracken","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(93)90056-V","article-title":"Behavioral responses induced by electrical stimulation of the caudate nucleus in freely moving cats","volume":"57","author":"Murer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7122","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3237-12.2013","article-title":"Amelioration of binge eating by nucleus accumbens shell deep brain stimulation in mice involves D2 receptor modulation","volume":"33","author":"Halpern","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.01.081","article-title":"Reward circuitry responsivity to food predicts future increases in body mass: moderating effects of DRD2 and DRD4","volume":"50","author":"Stice","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00603-7","article-title":"Neural responses during anticipation of a primary taste reward","volume":"33","author":"O\u2019Doherty","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.02.031","article-title":"Widespread reward-system activation in obese women in response to pictures of high-calorie foods","volume":"41","author":"Stoeckel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haas AM, Benbadis SR, Vale FL. Vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy. In: eLS. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2014. http:\/\/www.els.net. doi: 10.1002\/9780470015902.a0020285.pub2","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470015902.a0020285.pub2"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yuan H, Silberstein SD. Vagus nerve and vagus nerve stimulation, a comprehensive review: part III. Headache. In press 2015.","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12649"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2012.tb00428.x","article-title":"Autonomic neural control of intrathoracic airways","volume":"2","author":"Undem","year":"2012","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2014.11.005","article-title":"Acetylcholine beyond bronchoconstriction: roles in inflammation and remodeling","volume":"36","author":"Kistemaker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib71","unstructured":"National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert panel report III: guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma. Bethesda, MD: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 2007. (NIH publication no. 08-4051). Available form: www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/guidelines\/asthma\/asthgdln.htm (Accessed on November 17, 2015)."},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2014.05.007","article-title":"Changing face of b2-adrenergic and muscarinic receptor therapies in asthma","volume":"16","author":"Wasilewski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1403.2012.00454.x","article-title":"Low voltage vagal nerve stimulation reduces bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs through catecholamine release","volume":"15","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1865-1380-6-7","article-title":"Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of acute asthma exacerbations-results from an initial case series","volume":"6","author":"Steyn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2012.01329.x","article-title":"Feasibility of percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of acute asthma exacerbations","volume":"19","author":"Miner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2008.07.016","article-title":"Long term vagal stimulation in patients with advanced heart failure: first experience in man","volume":"10","author":"Schwartz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-010-9216-0","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation: from pre-clinical to clinical application: challenges and future directions","volume":"16","author":"De Ferrari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2012.03.021","article-title":"Rationale and study design of the increase of vagal tone in heart failure study: INOVATE-HF","volume":"163","author":"Hauptman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu345","article-title":"Chronic vagal stimulation for the treatment of low ejection fraction heart failure: results of the NEural Cardiac TherApy foR Heart Failure (NECTAR-HF) randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Zannad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12456_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009","article-title":"Autonomic regulation therapy via left or right cervical vagus nerve stimulation in patients with chronic heart failure: results of the ANTHEM-HF trial","volume":"20","author":"Premchand","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Card Fail"}],"container-title":["Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fner.12456","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fner.12456","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1094715921054155?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1094715921054155?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/wol1\/doi\/10.1111\/ner.12456\/fullpdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T21:53:36Z","timestamp":1761083616000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1094715921054155"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1094715921054155"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ner.12456","relation":{},"ISSN":["1094-7159"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1094-7159"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Some Non-FDA Approved Uses for Neuromodulation in Treating Autonomic Nervous System Disorders: A Discussion of the Preliminary Support","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ner.12456","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 International Neuromodulation Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}