{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:50:47Z","timestamp":1787161847371,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development, Clinical Sciences Research","award":["EPID-006-15S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EPID-006-15S"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30EY014801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY014801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000072","name":"NIH NIDCR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 DE022903"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DE022903"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["neuromodulationjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,28]],"date-time":"2017-12-28T11:18:37Z","timestamp":1514459917000},"page":"727-734","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Noninvasive Electrical Stimulation for the Treatment of Chronic Ocular Pain and Photophobia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Eellan","family":"Sivanesan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy C.","family":"Levitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantine D.","family":"Sarantopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Patin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anat","family":"Galor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2015.11.002","article-title":"Economic and humanistic burden of dry eye disease in Europe, North America, and Asia: a systematic literature review","volume":"14","author":"McDonald","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2006.02.004","article-title":"Corticosteroid and doxycycline suppress MMP-9 and inflammatory cytokine expression, MAPK activation in the corneal epithelium in experimental dry eye","volume":"83","author":"De Paiva","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.08.040","article-title":"The effect of autologous serum eyedrops in the treatment of severe dry eye disease: a prospective randomized case-control study","volume":"139","author":"Kojima","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2014.263","article-title":"Neuropathic ocular pain: an important yet underevaluated feature of dry eye","volume":"29","author":"Galor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307094","article-title":"Incomplete response to artificial tears is associated with features of neuropathic ocular pain","volume":"100","author":"Galor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2015.05.002","article-title":"Estimates of pain prevalence and severity in adults: United States, 2012","volume":"16","author":"Nahin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib7","unstructured":"AAPM Facts and figures on pain: American Academy of Pain Medicine. http:\/\/www.painmed.org\/patientcenter\/facts_on_pain.aspx#incidence"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s40135-015-0073-9","article-title":"What causes eye pain?","volume":"3","author":"Belmonte","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Ophthalmol Rep"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2012.01.002","article-title":"The corneal pain system. Part I: the missing piece of the dry eye puzzle","volume":"10","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-306057","article-title":"Dry eye symptom severity and persistence are associated with symptoms of neuropathic pain","volume":"99","author":"Galor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70290-2","article-title":"Corneal pain without stain: is it real?","volume":"7","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-306280","article-title":"Ocular neuropathic pain","volume":"100","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.12933","article-title":"The effect of intra-operative transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on posterior neck pain following thyroidectomy","volume":"70","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphys.2015.11.002","article-title":"Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) reduces pain and postpones the need for pharmacological analgesia during labour: a randomised trial","volume":"62","author":"Santana","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Physiother"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2015.04.002","article-title":"Evaluating efficacy and feasibility of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for postoperative pain after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a randomized pilot trial","volume":"23","author":"Engen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Complement Ther Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.09.025","article-title":"Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for the control of pain during rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"155","author":"Rakel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e562","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.51586","article-title":"Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) in dentistry-A review","volume":"6","author":"Kasat","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000126874.08468.89","article-title":"Peripheral stimulation for treatment of trigeminal postherpetic neuralgia and trigeminal posttraumatic neuropathic pain: a pilot study","volume":"55","author":"Johnson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1076\/apab.109.4.304.4246","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of the trigeminal tract in chronic, intractable facial neuralgia","volume":"109","author":"Holsheimer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1984.61.1.0149","article-title":"Pain relief from peripheral conditioning stimulation in patients with chronic facial pain","volume":"61","author":"Eriksson","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(83)90015-5","article-title":"Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) as compared to placebo TENS for the relief of acute oro-facial pain","volume":"15","author":"Hansson","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1126\/science.150.3699.971","article-title":"Pain mechanisms: a new theory","volume":"150","author":"Melzack","year":"1965","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.10.030","article-title":"Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) reduces chronic hyperalgesia induced by muscle inflammation","volume":"120","author":"Ainsworth","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(03)00207-0","article-title":"Spinal 5-HT 2 and 5-HT 3 receptors mediate low, but not high, frequency TENS-induced antihyperalgesia in rats","volume":"105","author":"Radhakrishnan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200301000-00004","article-title":"The effects of home interferential therapy on post-operative pain, edema, and range of motion of the knee","volume":"13","author":"Jarit","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1080\/16501970306101","article-title":"Analgesic effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential currents on heat pain in healthy subjects","volume":"35","author":"Cheing","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(97)90010-1","article-title":"Combined neuromuscular electrical stimulation and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for treatment of chronic back pain: a double-blind, repeated measures comparison","volume":"78","author":"Moore","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib28","first-page":"534","article-title":"Interferential and horizontal therapies in chronic low back pain: a randomized, double blind, clinical study","volume":"24","author":"Zambito","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(03)00478-7","article-title":"A comparison of true and premodulated interferential currents","volume":"85","author":"Ozcan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.24.2.87","article-title":"Interferential current therapy","volume":"24","author":"Goats","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.12968\/ijtr.2006.13.8.357","article-title":"The use of interferential therapy for pain management by physiotherapists","volume":"13","author":"Tabasam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Ther Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1179\/1743288X12Y.0000000007","article-title":"Trends in the availability and usage of electrophysical agents in physiotherapy practices from 1990 to 2010: a review","volume":"17","author":"Shah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys Ther Rev"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(80)90169-5","article-title":"Relief of pain by subcutaneous electrical stimulation after ocular surgery","volume":"89","author":"Ticho","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib34","first-page":"462","article-title":"The effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on ocular pain","volume":"22","author":"Whitacre","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31823f8b2a","article-title":"Effect of transcutaneous electrical stimulation on rabbit corneal epithelial cell migration","volume":"31","author":"Ghaffarieh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-009-1079-5","article-title":"Evaluation of transcutaneous electrical simulation to improve recovery from corneal hypoesthesia after LASIK","volume":"247","author":"Ghaffariyeh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2012.01516.x","article-title":"Preliminary validation of the Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale (DVPRS) in a military population","volume":"14","author":"Buckenmaier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.118.5.615","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the ocular surface disease index","volume":"118","author":"Schiffman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2009.12.010","article-title":"Validation of the 5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ-5): discrimination across self-assessed severity and aqueous tear deficient dry eye diagnoses","volume":"33","author":"Chalmers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galor A, Seiden BE, Park JJ et al. The association of dry eye symptom severity and comorbid insomnia in US Veterans. Eye Contact Lens 2017; epub ahead of print. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000349","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000349"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.356","article-title":"Minimal clinically important difference for the ocular surface disease index","volume":"128","author":"Miller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10819","article-title":"Ocular surface parameters in older male veterans ocular surface parameters in older male veterans","volume":"54","author":"Galor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-5182(88)80084-2","article-title":"Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) in the therapy of chronic facial pain: preliminary report","volume":"16","author":"Bremerich","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-3147.83580","article-title":"Role of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation in the management of trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"2","author":"Singla","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosci Rural Pract"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.02.026","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of dry eye syndrome in a United States veterans affairs population","volume":"152","author":"Galor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"T93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2016.06.002","article-title":"Overlapping chronic pain conditions: implications for diagnosis and classification","volume":"17","author":"Maixner","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.05.002","article-title":"Shared genetic factors underlie chronic pain syndromes","volume":"155","author":"Vehof","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib48","first-page":"746","article-title":"Burning eye syndrome: do neuropathic pain mechanisms underlie chronic dry eye?","volume":"17","author":"Kalangara","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.04.025","article-title":"Tear fluid hyperosmolality increases nerve impulse activity of cold thermoreceptor endings of the cornea","volume":"155","author":"Parra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000135","article-title":"Sensitization of trigeminal brainstem pathways in a model for tear deficient dry eye","volume":"156","author":"Rahman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3815","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00616.2005","article-title":"Endotoxin-induced uveitis causes long-term changes in trigeminal subnucleus caudalis neurons","volume":"94","author":"Bereiter","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.04.034","article-title":"Behavioral and neurophysiological correlates of nociception in an animal model of photokeratitis","volume":"169","author":"Tashiro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1080\/17469899.2016.1222905","article-title":"What can photophobia tell us about dry eye?","volume":"11","author":"Galor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Rev Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e3182474548","article-title":"Shedding light on photophobia","volume":"32","author":"Digre","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.03.003","article-title":"Bright light produces Fos-positive neurons in caudal trigeminal brainstem","volume":"160","author":"Okamoto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.07.021","article-title":"Migraine pathophysiology: anatomy of the trigeminovascular pathway and associated neurological symptoms, cortical spreading depression, sensitization, and modulation of pain","volume":"154","author":"Noseda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/4\/1\/S01","article-title":"Responses of ganglion cells to repetitive electrical stimulation of the retina","volume":"4","author":"Jensen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neural Eng"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)90124-4","article-title":"Decreased activity of spontaneous and noxiously evoked dorsal horn cells during transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)","volume":"58","author":"Garrison","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1111\/ner.12742_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12866","article-title":"Concurrent validity of the Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale in VA outpatients","volume":"16","author":"Nassif","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pain Med"}],"container-title":["Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fner.12742","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1094715921018365?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1094715921018365?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/wol1\/doi\/10.1111\/ner.12742\/fullpdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T21:55:24Z","timestamp":1761083724000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1094715921018365"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1094715921018365"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ner.12742","relation":{},"ISSN":["1094-7159"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1094-7159","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Noninvasive Electrical Stimulation for the Treatment of Chronic Ocular Pain and Photophobia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ner.12742","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2018 International Neuromodulation Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}