{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T09:11:27Z","timestamp":1781946687197,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,7]],"date-time":"2014-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease for which no effective treatment measures are currently available. Rabies virus (RABV<\/jats:styled-content>) has anti\u2010apoptotic and anti\u2010inflammatory properties that suppress nerve cell damage and inflammation in the CNS<\/jats:styled-content>. These features imply that the elimination of RABV<\/jats:styled-content> from the CNS<\/jats:styled-content> by appropriate treatment could lead to complete recovery from rabies. Ten rabbits showing neuromuscular symptoms of rabies after subcutaneous (SC<\/jats:styled-content>) immunization using commercially available vaccine containing inactivated whole RABV<\/jats:styled-content> particles and subsequent fixed RABV<\/jats:styled-content> (CVS<\/jats:styled-content> strain) inoculation into hind limb muscles were allocated into three groups. Three rabbits received no further treatment (the SC<\/jats:styled-content> group), three rabbits received three additional SC<\/jats:styled-content> immunizations using the same vaccine, and four rabbits received three intrathecal (IT<\/jats:styled-content>) immunizations, in which the vaccine was inoculated directly into the cerebrospinal fluid (the SC<\/jats:styled-content>\/IT<\/jats:styled-content> group). An additional three na\u00efve rabbits were inoculated intramuscularly with RABV<\/jats:styled-content> and not vaccinated. The rabbits exhibited neuromuscular symptoms of rabies within 4\u20138 days post\u2010inoculation (dpi) of RABV<\/jats:styled-content>. All of the rabbits died within 8\u201312 dpi with the exception of one rabbit in the SC<\/jats:styled-content> group and all four rabbits in SC<\/jats:styled-content>\/IT<\/jats:styled-content> group, which recovered and started to respond to external stimuli at 11\u201318 dpi and survived until the end of the experimental period. RABV<\/jats:styled-content> was eliminated from the CNS<\/jats:styled-content> of the surviving rabbits. We report here a possible, although still incomplete, therapy for rabies using IT<\/jats:styled-content> immunization. Our protocol may rescue the life of rabid patients and prompt the future development of novel therapies against rabies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/neup.12094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,8]],"date-time":"2014-01-08T03:27:12Z","timestamp":1389151632000},"page":"277-283","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Survival of rabid rabbits after intrathecal immunization"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Sawang","family":"Kesdangsakonwut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Comparative Pathology Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Sunden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Comparative Pathology Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine Hokkaido University Sapporo 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