{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T06:21:23Z","timestamp":1771654883056,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,6]],"date-time":"2014-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1415232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Intravascular large cell lymphoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVLCL<\/jats:styled-content>) is a rare disease characterized by proliferation of malignant lymphocytes within the small blood vessel lumens. The association of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVLCL<\/jats:styled-content> with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIHA<\/jats:styled-content>) has been described in a single case report, but the true prevalence of this co\u2010occurrence is not known because of declining autopsy rates. Here, we report a case of a 41\u2010year\u2010old woman who carried a diagnosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIHA<\/jats:styled-content> for 2 years, with repeated hemolytic episodes that were initially well controlled with immunomodulatory treatment. At her last presentation, the patient developed rapidly progressive neurologic symptoms and leukoencephalopathy on MRI; she died 4 weeks later with a clinical impression of thrombotic microangiopathy, a known complication of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIHA<\/jats:styled-content>. At autopsy, the brain showed widespread platelet thrombi and intraparenchymal hemorrhages characteristic of this disorder. In addition, there was evidence of a clinically unsuspected <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVLCL<\/jats:styled-content>, most likely of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010cell lineage. This case illustrates a potential association between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVLCL<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIHA<\/jats:styled-content>, highlights the need for broad differential diagnosis in cases with atypical disease presentation or progression, and underlines the importance of autopsy in establishing the full cause of morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/neup.12175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,7]],"date-time":"2014-11-07T03:18:34Z","timestamp":1415330314000},"page":"170-174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["<scp>CNS<\/scp> intravascular large cell lymphoma in a patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Sanda","family":"Alexandrescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"Orengo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahed","family":"Toossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arie","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Treseler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Hess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology &amp; Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6889-2488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Margeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2004.05177.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e31824fec43"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/X597G3QMXAFBCM5V"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-003-0757-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-01-021253"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-10-119974"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.49.3986"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e31816c745f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.08.2313"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10428190109064614"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10428190410001712207"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02481-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.041186"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1568-9972(02)00121-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200602000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V76.3.562.562","article-title":"Evidence that chronic lymphocytic leukemia B lymphocytes are frequently committed to production of natural autoantibodies","volume":"76","author":"Borche L","year":"1990","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10428199509059623"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","first-page":"152","article-title":"Autoimmunity and auto\u2010immune syndromes associated with and preceding the development of lymphoproliferative disorders","volume":"6","author":"Polliack A","year":"1992","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008319532359"}],"container-title":["Neuropathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fneup.12175","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/neup.12175","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T12:53:38Z","timestamp":1696510418000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/neup.12175"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,6]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/neup.12175"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/neup.12175","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0919-6544","1440-1789"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0919-6544","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1789","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,6]]}}}