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Apoptosis signal\u2010regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is a mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase kinase kinase that has been shown to be implicated in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS. Interestingly, ASK1 signaling regulates glial cell interactions and drives neuroinflammation in EAE mice. To further investigate its clinical significance, in the present study, we examined the activation of ASK1 in the post\u2010mortem brain of MS patients. ASK1 activation was found in active lesions of the corpus callosum in both microglia\/macrophages and astrocytes. Moreover, ASK1 activation in astrocytes was higher than that in microglia\/macrophages, which was in line with our findings in EAE mice. 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