{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T16:50:49Z","timestamp":1787849449484,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]],"date-time":"2024-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing in Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nurses are vital in identifying and preventive pressure injuries (PIs) in hospitalized patients undergoing open heart surgery. Interventions to prevent PIs are crucial for every critical patient, and it's essential to recognize that preventing PIs involves a complex intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the nursing interventions for the prevention of PI in patients with open heart surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic review study. Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE Ultimate, CINAHL Ultimate, ULAKBIM, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and university library databases were scanned. The initial search performed in the databases was updated on 4 February 2023, and on 7 April 2024, for potential publications included in that period. Data between February 2013 and April 2024 were scanned. The databases were searched with the keywords \u2018pressure injury\u2019, \u2018nursing interventions\u2019 and \u2018open heart surgery\u2019. The systematic compilation process was carried out in accordance with the guidelines in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010Analyses (PRISMA) guide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventeen studies were examined using nursing interventions that applied to the selected study population. Care packages included an inflatable head pad, a pressure sensor mattress cover, multi\u2010layer silicone foam, pressure\u2010reducing coatings, endotracheal tube (ETT) repositioning and cuff pressure regulation. Interventions to reduce PI in open heart surgery patients are applied in the preadmission, perioperative and postoperative periods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>It was concluded that care packages, inflatable head pads, pressure sensor bedspreads, multi\u2010layered silicone foam, pressure\u2010reducing covers, ETT repositioning and cuff pressure regulation were effective in all nursing interventions. The strength of the available evidence was rated from strong to weak.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Relevance to Clinical Practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings reveal an efficient combination of multi\u2010component nursing interventions for preventing PIs in planning patient care in the intensive care. The interventions that are used throughout the patient's entire care process are crucial for the prevention of PIs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.13117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]],"date-time":"2024-07-05T05:05:08Z","timestamp":1720155908000},"page":"1706-1720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Nursing interventions to prevent pressure injury among open heart surgery patients: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3673-1417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeter","family":"Kurt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Fundamentals of Nursing Department Karadeniz Technical University  Trabzon Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u011ffiret","family":"Ka\u015fik\u00e7i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundamentals of Nursing Department, Head of the Nursing Faculty Atat\u00fcrk University  Erzurum Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reezena","family":"Malaska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gulf Coast Medical Center Lee Health  Fort Myers Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12994"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aorn.2016.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102702.2011.03878.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colegn.2017.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2015.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13054"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2017.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"233","article-title":"Analysis of pressure ulcer formation risk of in different regions of human body","volume":"6","author":"Demircan \u00d6\u011f\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f F","year":"2018","journal-title":"Konuralp J Math"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1148"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12168"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000224"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","article-title":"Incidence of pressure ulcer in patients who were admitted to open heart cardiac surgery intensive care unit","volume":"3","author":"Shokati Ahmadabad M","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13287"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000092"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aorn.2011.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102702.2006.01369.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","unstructured":"HaeslerE European pressure ulcer advisory panel (EPUAP); National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP); Pan Pacific pressure injury Alliance (PPPIA).Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers\/Injuries: Clinical Practice Guideline. 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